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Last update 29-09-2024

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This project currently has 9 open hardware electronics solutions ready to be installed on any Volvo P2. The total number of HW PCBs to be prototyped is 23.

🔥 Now available the KiCad Project Files for an OPEN REM and an OPEN CEM
🔥Until the end of 2024, I will be making all hardware electronics available for S60 from the year 2000 to 2004! All open hardware and open firmware.🔥 If you like this project and want to see it grow, consider supporting it with a donation or a sponsorship. Thank you 🙏

current project Total: > 1353 work.h
^{Status: Ongoing Project}

The problem
  Nowadays, repairing hardware electronics is impossible or almost impossible. Current practice forces a car owner to replace instead of repair. This has a really high cost and pushes owners to seek other less trustworthy solutions using components used in other vehicles. Since this type of component is nowadays heavily protected, maintenance and repair outside the official car manufacturer authorized dealer pose additional risks every time a piece of hardware electronics or firmware requires reverse engineering and modification just to enable it and make it work in another vehicle. Furthermore, recurrently found good, fully functional cars, with the highest safety classification rating on their chassis, the Euro NCAP 5 star rating being sent to the scrap yard due to outdated electronics and components and a too low insurance valuation that limits repairability of the vehicle.

^{Figure 1 - A paper plate stating "Caution Prototype Test"}

Summary
The overall objective of this open project is to extend the life of vehicles by means of updating them to current EU standards namely safety regulations and emission pollutants. From the current, typical, 10-year lifespan of a vehicle to 2x and even 3x using upgradable parts and components. Vehicles undergo a process of refurbishment service and full-featured overhaul of technology updates from mechanical key components to the interior habitacle, comfort, and safety of a vehicle. Branded Auto RFTI™ (refurbishment, facelift, and technology improvements) goes a step further than just a vehicle facelift and will differentiate by offering simple & easy hardware electronics and components for extending vehicle utilization life by means of technology upgrades to improve safety while at the same time reduce vehicle emissions.

• The 6 Levels of Vehicle Autonomy
• Milestones to Achieve for the Open Hardware Electronics

In the video above Jacob Maller from FCP Euro, dives deep into the world of Volvo P2 and how to understand it. In this video, he discusses the models, engines, transmissions, and trims associated with Volvo P2. Strap in and get your notebook ready, it's a thick one. Jacob wishes he could say it was simple to explain the lineage of Volvo chassis designations. It used to be simple, but that's just not the case with these cars.

In one sentence:

Proof-of-Concept
  Design and prototype OEM hardware electronics capable of the same operation and functionality for all Volvo's with the common chassis P2, period 1998 to 2009 (S80, S60, V70 XC70, XC90), using the existing wiring on those cars (backward compatible). Instead of using closed and protected logic, it uses open hardware and open firmware hardware electronics as a direct replacement for existing* wiring in a vehicle, in particular older cars. This will facilitate repeatability and maintenance on any "repair shop" outside authorized dealers and requires no reverse engineering and no modification to make it work in a vehicle.

  To achieve this task I will be using the electronics and electrical wiring of a donor car I already have. This will serve as a ground base to commercialize automotive solutions using an open business logic (open hardware and open software) for other car brands and models. Including LPG systems.

  Since this is an open hardware project, the main selection of choice for the operating system will be Android Auto for the main LCD screen, in the center console. Nowadays there is a plenitude of "open auto" solutions using a Raspberry Pi. I'll be designing the hardware electronics made to fit an SoC module, and I'll be starting with NVidia's Jetson Nano. In the following YouTube video, there's a good example of a traditional media unit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgbHXTHUnQw

Read more about ...

• Open Hardware Design Considerations
• Firmware Programming
• Other open automotive projects

There are now 2 ways to navigate my hardware electronics catalog. The icons below will take you to another page where this catalog is displayed using a conventional landing page design & styling. If you like code and more technical information, browse this page instead.

The icon to the left is suited to all those users who are only looking for a solution to a problem and not into the real technical details. The icon to the right will take you directly to a webpage with all hardware electronics currently at the M.V.P. stage. If you're not into technical information and are here only to buy, this is the option for you.

       
^{View this repository in a conventional landing page         View all open hardware solutions ready to buy, install, and use}

Make sure you also view my Open Source Software Catalogue here.

Want to help this project grow faster? Send me your Volvo's old hardware electronics so I can design better new open hardware and make it available here for anyone to use. To know more about how and where to send a package, send me an email at [email protected] or a message on Facebook or Discord.

Volvo P2 car for testing purposes
It is planned to have all hardware electronics prototyped and ready to start initial tests on a real Volvo P2 sometime around January 2025. Until then, I'm looking for someone willing to donate (or sponsor) a Volvo P2 car to this project. To know more about how to donate a Volvo or sponsor one, send me an email at [email protected] or a message on Facebook or Discord.

^{legend at the bottom}

The first milestone to achieve for this open hardware electronics project, is to reverse engineer, design, and prototype OPEN automotive solutions classified as SAE Level 1. This is the lowest level of automation. The vehicle features a single automated system for driver assistance, such as steering or accelerating (cruise control). Adaptive cruise control, where the vehicle can be kept at a safe distance behind the next car, qualifies as Level 1 because the human driver monitors the other aspects of driving such as steering and braking.

Figure 2 - Click here to view a list of each control unit found in a Volvo

🆕 Engine Management System (EMS)
^{Next: fabrication}

• ✓ 🟡 Electronic Control Module
  • Revision History
  • Electronic Control Module (ECM), in all similar to the one sold by the Australians HalTech and the well known Speeduino with the most recent hardware requirements capable of improving carbon emissions of the engine (spite its age).
  • ⌛ Programming the ECM

• Electronic Throttle control module (ETM)
  • ✓ 🟢 Bosch ETB (direct replacement & factory compatible)
  • ✓ 🟡 Bosch ETM (direct factory replacement plus CAN connectivity)
  • ⌛ Magneti Marelli ETM
  • ⌛ Programming the ETM

• ✓ 🟢 Engine Bay Sensors
• ✓ 🟢 Engine Bay Valves & Solenoids
• 🟡 Pump Electronic Module

• Injection and Ignition
  • Ignition Coils
  • Injection

• Driver Sensors
  • ✓ 🟢 Break Pedal Sensor
  • ✓ 🟡 Clutch Position Sensor (direct replacement & factory compatible)
  • ⌛ Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor (direct replacement & factory compatible)

Transmission Management System
^{not started}

• Gear Indicator for Manual Transmission using Hall Sensors by Upir

Electronics Management System
^{not started}

• ⌛ Central Electronics Module (CEM) (1998-2004)
  • 🟢 Ignition Switch
• 🟡 Rear Electronic Module
  • Revision History
  • Rear Electronic Module (REM) (1998-2004)
  • ⌛ Programming the REM
• ⌛ Car Data Logging Module (soon !)

Data, Communications and Localization
^{next: fabrication}

• ✓ 🟢 dual-band antenna (EU)
• ⌛ Communiations Module
  • GSM LTE
  • GPS / Baidu / Galileu
  • WIFI
  • Bluetooth
• ⌛ Data Logger Module

Wiring, Fuse Boxes and Relay Diagrams
^{next: fabrication}

• ✓ 🟢 Fuse Boxes Diagrams

  • Engine compartment fuse box
  • Fuse box in the passenger compartment within the sound barrier on the driver’s side
  • Fuse panel in the passenger compartment at dashboard end on driver’s side
  • Fuse box in the cargo compartment

• ✓ 🟢 Relay Boxes Diagrams

  • Engine compartment Relay box
  • Relay box in the passenger compartment at dashboard end on driver’s side
  • Relay box in the cargo compartment

• Wiring Harness

  • ✓ 🟢 Understanding Volvo Networks and Wiring
  • ✓ 🟢Engine Bay Wiring Harness
  • 🟡 Engine Wiring Harness
  • Passenger Compartment
    • ⌛ Front Wiring Harness
    • ✓ 🟢 Rear Wiring Harness
    • ⌛ Wiring harness for right-side doors
    • ⌛ Wiring harness for left-side doors
    • ⌛ Sun roof wiring harness
  • Baggage Compartment Wiring Harness
    • ⌛Baggage Compartment Wiring Harness
    • ✓ 🟢 Trunk Lid Wiring harness

🆕 Safety
^{not started}

ABS Control Module

• ⌛ ABS control modile
• ⌛ Programming the ABS module

Airbag Control Module

• ⌛ Airbags control module
• ⌛ Programming the Airbag module

Electronic Stability Control Modules

• ⌛ Electronic Stability Control STC
• ⌛ Programming the STC module
• ⌛ Programming the DSTC module

• ⌛ Tire Pressure Monitor & Flat tire detection

⌛ Electromagnetic discharge, EMI Interference protection

• ElectroMagnetic discharge, EMI Interference protection

Windshield

• ✓ 🟢 Washer Fluid Reservoir
• ⌛ rain sensor

⌛ Rear-view mirror

• ✓ 🟢 Left Side Rear Mirrror
• ✓ 🟢 Right Side Side Rear Mirrror

Steering Wheel
^{not started}

• Steering wheel (no angle sensor)
  • ⌛ Steering wheel module
  • 🟡 right-side indicator
  • ⌛ left-side indicator
  • Programming the Steering Wheel Module
• ⌛ Steering Wheel indicators with angle sensor
• ⌛ Cruise Control
• ⌛ Media controls

🆕 Instruments Cluster
^{next: fabrication}

⌛ Instruments cluster (models from 2005 and above)
soon.

✓ 🟡 Instrument cluster (models up to 2004)

• ⌛ Instrument cluster With full LCDs TFT on the 4 gauges

• ⌛ Instrument cluster with needle gauges

• ✓ ⌛ Programming the Instruments Cluster

• with LED illumination and LCD TFT Color Display

  • ⌛ Engine RPM Gauge
  • ⌛ Speed RPM Gauge

• LED illumination factory retrofit / Mod

  • ✓ 🟢 Fuel Gauge
  • ✓ 🟢 Temperature Gauge
  • ✓ 🟢 Engine RPM Gauge
  • ✓ 🟢 Speed Gauge

Confort
^{not started}

• ⌛ Climate Control module
• ⌛ Programming the Climate Control Module
• Habitacle Illumination
  • ✓ 🟢 Rear
  • ✓ 🟢 Front
• Sunroof

Car Media
^{not started}

• ⌛ Car Media Audio
• ⌛ RTI Display
• ⌛ Rear Seat Entertainment

Doors
^{next: fabrication}

• Front Doors

  • 🟡 DDM Control Unit right-side door
  • ⌛ Programming the DDM
  • 🟡 PDM Control Unit left-side door
  • ⌛ Programming the PDM

• Trunk

  • ✓ 🟢 Trunk
  • ✓ 🟢 Trunk Illumination
  • ✓ 🟢 Fuel Door Latch

• Back doors locking

  • ✓ 🟢 LED retro illumination factory Mod

🆕 Headlights, Backlights, Turn Signals and Fog Lights
^{not started}

• Front Lights
  • Front Headlights
  • ✓ 🟢 Front Fog Lights
• Back / Tail Lights
  • ✓ 🟢 Rear / Tail Lights
  • ✓ 🟢 3rd Stop light
• Lateral /side lights
  • ✓ 🟢 Lateral Turn Signals

Security to Theft
^{not started}

• ✓ 🟢 Hardware Electronics "Car Key"
• The car 🚗 Key Fob
• ⌛ Key FOB wireless receiver
• ⌛ Immobilizer Reader
• ⌛ Anti theft Alarm for the Catalytic Converter

Volvo For Life

^{Expected Start Date: November 2024}
The main objective of this milestone is to upgrade the technology of a Volvo P2 vehicle to meet SAE Level 5 for autonomous driving. Between SAE Level 1 and Level 5, will be reverse-engineered, designed, and prototyped OPEN "autonomous driving" technology solutions that will be later turned into RFTI products. Read more about how Connected Cars Communicate. Read about Collaborative Perception.

In one sentence:

To get there, I'll prototyping hardware electronics that are fully compatible with comma.ai autonomous driving solutions. Openpilot is an open source advanced driver assistance system that works on 250+ car models of Toyota, Hyundai, Honda, and many other brands.

• Automated Lane Centering
• Adaptive Cruise Control
• Lane Change Assist
• Driver Monitoring (no wheel nags)
• can drive for hours without intervention
• open source and developed on GitHub

makes driving chill
Currently, openpilot performs the functions of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Automated Lane Centering (ALC). openpilot can accelerate, brake automatically for other vehicles, and steer to follow the road/lane.

When openpilot is enabled, a driver monitoring system watches the driver and ensures the driver is attentive and ready to take over at all times.

When used correctly, these features reduce your workload as a driver, and can make long drives relaxing instead of tedious.

connects to your car
openpilot works by connecting to your car's CAN network. Modern cars accept electronic steering, gas, and brake commands to allow for ADAS features. openpilot can use these commands to provide much better ADAS features than the car manufacturers can provide.

modern machine learning
openpilot contains a state-of-the-art neural network that understands the road scene and predicts where to drive. This neural network has learned to drive by watching the millions of miles of driving data openpilot has recorded. This makes openpilot exceptionally good at nuanced situations such as driving in areas with faded lanelines, different countries, and more.

open source and community supported
openpilot is developed by comma and by users like you. We welcome both pull requests and issues on GitHub. Bug fixes and new car ports are strongly encouraged. Check out the contributing docs.

Continue to read more about openpilot on comma.ai website...

• Driver Drowsiness Alert System with Lane Detection

• ⌛ Steering Cruise Control
• ⌛ Steering Wheel angle sensor
• Parking Sensors
  • ⌛ Front Parking Sensors
  • ⌛ Rear Parking Sensors

^{More soon! come back later}
The main objective of this milestone is to do a technology upgrade to a Volvo P2 vehicle. Remove the old combustion engine and install an "old" electric motor. Safety first, battery storage and location cannot be at the front nor at the back, as in any new EV vehicle, the battery pack needs to be installed at the bottom. Charging of the battery needs to happen also from the bottom. The conventional charging cable exists only for an emergency situation. On this milestone will be reverse-engineered, designed, and prototyped OPEN EV technological solutions that will be later turned into RFTI products.

^{Volvo S80 EV}

^{Not started. Come back later}

• ⌛ EMS Setup & Configuration Tools
• ⌛ ETM Programmer

Made by other Makers / Enterprises
Tuner Studio
TunerStudio brings a whole new level of refinement to tuning software. For far too long tuners have had to settle for whatever the controller manufacturer provided, far more often than you would think this means a clunky user interface and minimal feature set. Top dollar EFI controllers are no different, the tuning software is typically lacking in feature and refinement, making configuration confusing and overly complex. There are several versions of TunerStudio available depending on your controller and support for more Controllers is underway along. If you have a controller you would like to see supported by TunerStudio, let the manufacturer know!

VDASH
VDASH is a sophisticated software designed for Windows Vista / 7 / 8 / 10 / 11 operating systems, requiring an internet connection to function. Its primary purpose is to diagnose and update software for personal Volvo vehicles through the OBD II connector. For full compatibility, VDASH is designed for use with the Volvo DiCE cable, based on the J2534 chipset – either the original cable or a proven clone from China. Alternatively, you can use Super J2534 or Mongoose JLR cable, instead of DiCE.

volvo-monitor by Łukasz Radziak
"Tool for logging Volvo parameters (MY2000-2009). Engine speed, boost, AFR etc."

Read here the answers to the most frequently asked questions.

Have a question to ask and in need of an answer?
You can do it here on GitHub, on the discussions page , on Twitter and on LinkedIn on any of my publications about this open project.

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	You can fill in your email here (Google form) and I'll send a reminder when a new PCB prototype is made available here or a new revision for an existing PCB. Stay tuned!