?? operator (null coalescing operator) - ablealias/MVC GitHub Wiki
It returns the left-hand operand if the operand is not null; otherwise, it returns the right-hand operand.
middleName = middleName ?? "";
If you try to assign a nullable value type to a non-nullable value type without using the ?? operator, you will generate a compile-time error.
int? x = null;
// Set y to the value of x if x is NOT null; otherwise,
// if x == null, set y to -1.
int y = x ?? -1;