Format Symbol Conversion %c character %s string conversion via str() prior to formatting %i signed decimal integer %d signed decimal integer %u unsigned decimal integer %o octal integer %x hexadecimal integer (lowercase letters) %X hexadecimal integer (UPPERcase letters) %e exponential notation (with lowercase 'e') %E exponential notation (with UPPERcase 'E') %f floating point real number %g the shorter of %f and %e %G the shorter of %f and %E

Other supported symbols and functionality are listed in the following table:Symbol Functionality

• argument specifies width or precision

• left justification

• display the sign leave a blank space before a positive number

add the octal leading zero ( '0' ) or hexadecimal leading '0x' or '0X', depending on whether 'x' or 'X' were used.

0 pad from left with zeros (instead of spaces) % '%%' leaves you with a single literal '%' (var) mapping variable (dictionary arguments) m.n. m is the minimum total width and n is the number of digits to display after the decimal point (if appl.)