Publicly available data - UU-IMAU/Earth-System-Modelling GitHub Wiki
CMIP data
The Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) coordinates climate simulations run by many model groups.
Information on obtaining CMIP data is here. In particular, the table at the bottom of [this age shows which ESGF nodes can be used to download CMIP data (those with a website named in the table).
Other simulations
iHESP - high resolution CESM simulations
The iHESP group has produced very high resolution (0.1º Ocean, 0.25º Atmosphere) CESM1 simulations, mostly a pre-industrial control and an RCP8.5 forced simulation.
GLENS - solar geoengineering simulations in CESM
The original GLENS data in CESM1 is here. The CESM2 follow-up is here.
Reanalysis data
Roughly speaking, reanalysis data is generated by making a climate model reproduce observations by means of data assimilation, thereby generating solutions that are dynamically consistent and close to actual measurements.
Atmosphere
An overview of atmospheric reanalysis products is here. One of the most detailed reanalyses is the newest ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis, ERA5.
Ocean
An overview of atmospheric reanalysis products is here, see also here. One of the most-used ocean reanalyses is the one by Copernicus, see here for an overview of their products and here for their Global Ocean Physics Reanalysis.
Some of this data is available at the Lorenz computer at IMAU.