Contents:

• List of driving maneuvers
• How to describe and monitor maneuver

Hoofdstuk 3.5 Inhalen / zijdelings verplaatsen http://www.mijnrijschool.com/de-rijprocedure/hoofdstuk-3-5-inhalen-zijdelings-verplaatsen

List of driving maneuvers

Driving is a sequence of basic driving maneuvers

• Cruising
• Over taking / lane changing
• Left / right / U-turn / Roundabout
• Accelerate / Decelerate (not to full stop)
• Break (normal)
• Emergency break
• Reverse
• Parking
• Stopped

These basic maneuvers will be learned in a Driving School and can be combined to form more complex moves. A driver monitoring system should be able to detect these maneuvers and observe if they are performed well.

Some aspects and criteria:

• People
  • Safe driving (alert, distracted, defensive, aggressive)
  • Driver mental/physical state (alert, sleepy, angry)
  • Passenger friendly (enjoy the ride, worried, driving sickness)
• Economy
  • Fuel efficient
  • Vehicle maintenance
  • Eco Driving
• Legal

How to describe and monitor a maneuver

We will attempt to analyse the "Left turn" maneuver.

Note: this is just a very crude beginning, we should have a much better description. Probably in table format and pay more attention to ordering, timing, event description, metrics such as speed, acceleration.

Each step and how we can detect it:

• Check rear mirror (visual). Checking the rear mirror by the driver is a highly visual activity and can be verified with a camera
• Use direction indicator lights (audible). The indicator is activated by hand. It generates a clicking sound. This sound can be picked up by a microphone. A direct signal from the vehicle would be better but its very hard to find such an interface (OBD2).
• Slow down (acceleration). Slowing down is a physical event that can be measured with a acceleration or speed sensor. An acceleration sensor is more sensitive from small acceleration changes and therefore used more often.
• Come to a full stop (velocity). A full stop can be detected with an acceleration sensor when acceleration decreases and finally equals (almost) zero. But its not unusual to use a GPS based velocity sensor.
• Watch out for other traffic (visual)
• When traffic allows (visual)
• Check side and mirrors (visual)
• Turn left (orientation). The left turn can be detected with an acceleration sensor but also with a compass sensor.

We can do this analysis for all major driving maneuvers and create a list of things to measure and the sensors that we need. Note that all these sensors are electronic devices and most of them are of extreme small size except for the camera.

Measure	Sensor	Description
Visual	Camera	Monitor the driver checking the mirror, requirers advanced image recognition software. Tracking the drivers head and gaze (looking) direction.
Audio	Microphone	Detection of indicator lights, people talking and use of entertainment. A microphone is cheap but requirers advanced software
Velocity	OBD2, GPS	Connection to OBD2 is a physical connector, GPS has privacy issues
Acceleration	G Force	Cheap sensor, requires some post processing to remove noise
Orientation	Compass sensor, Gyroscope	Relative cheap sensor, usually combined in a 6DOF sensor. Requires some post processing (kalman) to remove noise
Time	Clock	We should be able to measure time in order to put events in the proper sequence and measure duration