| Sl. No. |
Mechanism / Working Principle |
Electronics |
Mechanical |
Identified Links |
| 1 |
IR sensors detect the line and the controller adjusts motor speed to follow the path. |
Arduino UNO, IR sensors, L293D |
DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 2 |
Ultrasonic sensor detects obstacles and the robot changes direction to avoid them. |
Arduino UNO, HC-SR04, motor driver |
Servo motor, DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 3 |
The ultrasonic sensor measures the distance to an object and the robot follows the object. |
Arduino Nano, HC-SR04, L298 |
DC motors, wheels, servo, robot body |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 4 |
Sensors detect the maze walls and the controller operates the motors to find an exit. |
Arduino UNO, sensors, motor driver |
DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 5 |
Light sensors detect the direction of light and the robot moves toward the light source. |
Arduino, LDRs, resistors |
Motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 6 |
The robot receives control signals and converts them into motor movements. |
Arduino, IR receiver, motor driver |
DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 7 |
Wireless commands control the robot movement and robotic arm for pick-and-place operations. |
Arduino, wireless module, joystick |
DC motors, wheels, robotic arm, gripper |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 8 |
An ultrasonic sensor detects the distance of an object and the robot adjusts its movement. |
Arduino, ultrasonic sensor, motor driver |
DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 9 |
IR sensors detect the line and the controller operates the motors according to sensor signals. |
Microcontroller, IR sensors, L293D |
DC motors, wheels, chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |
| 10 |
Ultrasonic sensing identifies an object and the controller processes the distance information. |
Arduino, HC-SR04, motor driver |
DC motors, wheels, robot chassis |
www.engineersgarage.com |