Peak Secrets from the New Science of Expertise Ericsson AndersPool Robert - SanJoao/Quotes-Kindle-Paperwhite GitHub Wiki

Peak: Secrets from the New Science of Expertise (Ericsson, Anders;Pool, Robert)

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Number of highlights: 75

Friday, October 18, 2024 11:31:34 PM

  1. "We concluded that the advantage better players had in predicting future events was related to their ability to envision more possible outcomes and quickly sift through them and come up with the most promising action."

Friday, October 18, 2024 11:39:17 AM

  1. "You can think about the posterior hippocampi of a London taxi driver as the neural equivalent of the massively developed arms and shoulders of a male gymnast."

Friday, October 18, 2024 11:39:47 AM

  1. "The posterior hippocampi of the taxi drivers are equally “bulked up,” but with brain tissue, not muscle fiber."

Friday, October 18, 2024 11:47:17 PM

  1. "This doctor must do at least three different things: assimilate facts about the patient, recall relevant medical knowledge, and use the facts and medical knowledge to identify possible diagnoses and choose the right one. For"

Friday, October 18, 2024 4:08:01 PM

  1. "they believe that the brain learned to “de-blur” images."

Friday, October 18, 2024 4:14:32 PM

  1. "push it hard enough and for long enough, and it will respond by changing in ways that make that push easier to do."

Friday, October 18, 2024 5:04:24 PM

  1. "They’re not random; they mean something, and meaning aids memory."

Friday, October 18, 2024 5:05:31 PM

  1. "You analyze a position in depth, predicting the next move, and if you get it wrong, you go back and figure out what you missed. Research has shown that the amount of time spent in this sort of analysis—not the amount of time spent playing chess with others—is the single most important predictor of a chess player’s ability."

Friday, October 25, 2024 12:00:43 AM

  1. "willpower is a very situation-specific attribute. People generally find it much easier to push themselves in some areas than in others."

Friday, October 25, 2024 12:34:52 AM

  1. "Runners and other athletes find that they become inured to the pain associated with their exercise."

Friday, October 25, 2024 12:38:48 AM

  1. "further practice comes to feel more like an investment than an expense."

Monday, October 28, 2024 11:18:59 PM

  1. "if only they hadn’t been labeled as “no good at math” in the very beginning."

Monday, October 28, 2024 11:34:11 PM

  1. "You pick up the necessary knowledge in order to develop the skills; knowledge should never be an end in itself."

Monday, October 28, 2024 11:36:10 PM

  1. "in almost any area of education the most useful learning objectives will be those that help students develop effective mental representations."

Saturday, October 19, 2024 12:11:15 AM

  1. "The main purpose of deliberate practice is to develop effective mental"

Saturday, October 19, 2024 12:11:32 AM

  1. "The main purpose of deliberate practice is to develop effective mental representations,"

Saturday, October 19, 2024 12:20:15 AM

  1. "concluded that the differences among the students most likely lay, in large part, in how well the students were able to detect their mistakes—"

Saturday, October 19, 2024 12:21:32 AM

  1. "The cornet player just didn’t have the same tools with which to improve as the saxophone player did."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 12:31:51 PM

  1. "In the first stage, children are introduced in a playful way to what will eventually become their field of interest."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 12:37:44 PM

  1. "Bloom and his colleagues found that often the experts in their study had picked up the particular interests of their parents."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 12:43:44 PM

  1. "Bloom found a slightly different pattern in the early days of the children who would grow up to be mathematicians and neurologists than in the athletes, musicians, and artists. In this case the parents didn’t introduce the children to the particular subject matter but rather to the appeal of intellectual pursuits in general."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 12:56:12 PM

  1. "their practice is about to become work."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 1:02:45 PM

  1. "motivation must ultimately be something that comes from within the child, or else it won’t endure."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 1:04:26 PM

  1. "The best teachers didn’t focus on the rules for solving particular problems but rather encouraged their students to think about general patterns and processes—the why more than the how."

Saturday, October 26, 2024 5:31:27 PM

  1. "they needed little parental goading or encouragement to do homework"

Saturday, October 26, 2024 5:36:28 PM

  1. "but we do know that people who develop skills in a certain area through years of practice seem to get a great deal of pleasure from engaging in that skill."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 11:32:13 PM

  1. "becoming accomplished in any field in which there is a well-established history of people working to become experts requires a tremendous amount of effort exerted over many years."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 7:44:27 PM

  1. "the relationship between skill and mental representations is a virtuous circle: the more skilled you become, the better your mental representations are, and the better your mental representations are, the more effectively you can practice to hone your skill."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:16:25 PM

  1. "students who were lucky enough to have worked with exceptional teachers would likely have progressed more quickly than those with teachers who were just okay."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:17:53 PM

  1. "you generally find that the best performers are those who have spent the most time in various types of purposeful practice."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:20:43 PM

  1. "nobody develops extraordinary abilities without putting in tremendous amounts of practice."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:41:50 PM

  1. "Once those techniques were widely adopted, it elevated the performance of the entire field."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:42:10 PM

  1. "Once you have identified an expert, identify what this person does differently from others that could explain the superior performance."

Sunday, October 20, 2024 8:42:36 PM

  1. "If you find that something works, keep doing it; if it doesn’t work, stop."

Sunday, October 27, 2024 12:13:13 AM

  1. "didn’t achieve their heights just by imitating their teachers."

Sunday, October 27, 2024 5:26:22 PM

  1. "Sometimes these pathbreakers know what they want to do but don’t know how to do it—"

Sunday, October 27, 2024 5:27:54 PM

  1. "Creativity will always retain a certain mystery because, by definition, it generates things that have not yet been seen or experienced."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 11:06:05 AM

  1. "But we now understand that there’s no such thing as a predefined ability. The brain is adaptable, and training can create skills—such"

Thursday, October 17, 2024 11:06:47 AM

  1. "Learning isn’t a way of reaching one’s potential but rather a way of developing it."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 11:51:17 AM

  1. "He worked with me for more than two hundred training sessions, and by the end he had reached eighty-two digits—eighty-two! If"

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:07:22 PM

  1. "“purposeful practice,” turned out to be incredibly successful for him. It isn’t always so successful, as we shall see, but it is more effective than the usual just-enough method—"

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:08:52 PM

  1. "that set it apart from what we might call “naive"

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:09:04 PM

  1. "“naive practice,” which is essentially just doing something repeatedly, and expecting that the repetition alone will improve one’s performance."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:10:10 PM

  1. "Purposeful practice has well-defined, specific goals."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:11:17 PM

  1. "Purposeful practice is all about putting a bunch of baby steps together to reach a longer-term goal."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:12:32 PM

  1. "Purposeful practice is focused."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:14:49 PM

  1. "You seldom improve much without giving the task your full attention."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:18:33 PM

  1. "If you never push yourself beyond your comfort zone, you will never improve."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:21:41 PM

  1. "Getting out of your comfort zone means trying to do something that you couldn’t do before."

Thursday, October 17, 2024 12:22:08 PM

  1. "Generally the solution is not “try harder” but rather “try differently.”"

Thursday, October 17, 2024 6:33:31 PM

  1. "You don’t develop a six-pack on your forehead."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:42:44 PM

  1. "The first is our old friend, the belief that one’s abilities are limited by one’s genetically prescribed characteristics."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:43:17 PM

  1. "The second myth holds that if you do something for long enough, you’re bound to get better at it."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:43:30 PM

  1. "The third myth states that all it takes to improve is effort."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:44:31 PM

  1. "If you are not improving, it’s not because you lack innate talent; it’s because you’re not practicing the right way."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:44:53 PM

  1. "Once you understand this, improvement becomes a matter of figuring out what the “right way” is."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 4:46:01 PM

  1. "One particular such approach is what Art calls “learning while real work gets done.”"

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 5:56:06 PM

  1. "it is much easier to teach knowledge and then create tests for it."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 5:56:28 PM

  1. "professional schools focus on knowledge rather than skills because it is much easier to teach knowledge and then create tests for it."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 5:57:55 PM

  1. "The general argument has been that the skills can be mastered relatively easily if the knowledge is there."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:00:16 PM

  1. "But over the long term I believe the best approach will be to develop new skills-based training programs that will supplement or completely replace the knowledge-based approaches that are the norm now"

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:00:41 PM

  1. "because what is ultimately most important is what people are able to do, training should focus on doing rather than on knowing—"

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:12:07 PM

  1. "If training programs could be developed that halved the time a surgeon needs to reach expert status, it could make a major difference to patients."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:15:26 PM

  1. "Those doctors who had gone through a radiology fellowship did not have the same sort of learning curve but instead took only a few months on the job to reach the same skill level that the nonfellowship radiologists took three years to develop."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:16:00 PM

  1. "Once you have identified people who consistently perform better than their peers, the next step is to figure out what underlies that superior performance."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:22:05 PM

  1. "the main way the surgeons detected problems was by noticing that something about the surgery didn’t match the way they had visualized the surgery in their preoperative plan. Once they noticed the mismatch, they came up with a list of alternative approaches and decided which was most likely to work."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:29:16 PM

  1. "It’s for all those people who want to take control of their lives and create their own potential and not buy into the idea that this right here, right now, is as good as it gets."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:31:21 PM

  1. "But no matter how many times you watch a demonstration in class or on YouTube, you are still going to miss or misunderstand some subtleties—"

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 6:59:25 PM

  1. "figuring out exactly how her body feels during a “perfect” stroke."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 7:00:45 PM

  1. "“each one done correctly, time and again, until excellence in every detail becomes a firmly ingrained habit.”"

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 7:01:54 PM

  1. "amateurs tend to daydream or think about more pleasant subjects to take their minds off the pain and strain of their running, while elite long-distance runners remain attuned to their bodies so that they can find the optimal pace and make adjustments to maintain the best pace throughout the whole race."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 7:02:36 PM

  1. "There was focus but no joy."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 7:03:52 PM

  1. "there is little point at all to practicing if you don’t focus."

Tuesday, October 22, 2024 7:05:14 PM

  1. "It is better to train at 100 percent effort for less time than at 70 percent effort for a longer period."

Wednesday, October 16, 2024 11:51:01 PM

  1. "perfect pitch is not the gift, but, rather, the ability to develop perfect pitch is the gift—"