From Dos to Linux - Petewg/harbour-core GitHub Wiki

Common commands used at the MS-DOS prompt (Windows) and their counterparts in Linux

Command's Purpose	MS-DOS	Linux	Basic Linux Example
Copies files	copy	cp	cp thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
Moves files	move	mv	mv thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
Lists files	dir	ls	ls
Clears screen	cls	clear	clear
Closes prompt window	exit	exit	exit
Displays or sets date	date	date	date
Deletes files	del	rm	rm thisfile.txt
"Echoes" output on the screen	echo	echo	echo this message
Edits files with simple text editor	edit	pico 1(#notes)	pico thisfile.txt
Compares the contents of files	fc	diff	diff file1 file2
Finds a string of text in a file	find		grep
Formats a diskette	format a: (if diskette is in A:)	mke2fs or mformat 2(#notes) /sbin/mke2fs/dev/fd0 (/dev/fd0 is the Linux equivalent of A:)
Displays command help	command /?	man 3(#notes)	man command
Creates a directory	mkdir	mkdir	mkdir directory
View a file	more	less 4(#notes)	less thisfile.txt
Renames a file	ren	mv	mv thisfile.txt thatfile.txt 5(#notes)
Displays your location in the file system	chdir	pwd	pwd
Changes directories with a specified path (absolute path)	cd pathname	cd pathname	cd /directory/directory
Changes directories with a relative path	cd ..	cd ..	cd ..
Displays the time	time	date	date
Shows amount of RAM and use	mem	free	free

Notes:

1. Pico is a simple text editor; other editors you can use in place of Pico include Emacs and vi.
2. This formats a disk for the DOS filesystem.
3. You can also use info for some commands.
4. The more pager can also be used to page through a file a screen at a time.
5. The mv command can both move a file and, if you want to rename a file in the same directory, you "move" that file to the same directory with a new name, as in the given example.

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Compiler Warnings and Errors

The table below includes warnings and errors messages that indicated by compiler during compile-time.
(Should not be confused with run-time errors, which are emitted when a running application bumps into an erratic condition.)
Most of the messages are self-explanatory (so can be considered 'self-documented'); the few that are not, obviously have been left to experience, knowledge and imagination of the user, furthermore, this is one of the main purposes of existence of the various user-groups out there: to dissolve ambiguity and fill the gap of missing docs, particularly when programmer's skills are not always adequate to do it alone.

	* WARNINGS
Warning Level	Warning Description
1	Ambiguous reference '%s',
1	Ambiguous reference, assuming memvar '%s',
1	Duplicate variable '%s' in nested FOR loop,
1	Function '%s' does not end with RETURN statement,
1	Invalid variable '%s' for enumerator message,
1	Meaningless use of expression '%s',
1	Procedure returns value,
1	Redundant 'ANNOUNCE %s' statement ignored,
1	RETURN statement with no return value in function,
2	Codeblock parameter '%s' declared but not used in function '%s',
2	STATIC Function '%s' defined but never used
2	Unreachable code,
2	Variable '%s' declared but not used in function '%s',
3	Can't use array index with non-array,
3	Class '%s' not known in declaration of '%s',
3	Duplicate declaration of %s '%s',
3	Function '%s' conflicting with its declaration,
3	Incompatible operand type '%s', expected '%s',
3	Incompatible operand types '%s' and '%s',
3	Incompatible parameter '%s', expected '%s',
3	Incompatible return type '%s', expected '%s',
3	Incompatible type in assignment to '%s', expected '%s',
3	Incompatible type in assignment to declared array element expected '%s',
3	Invalid number of parameters %s, expected %s,
3	Message '%s' not known in class '%s',
3	Value of Variable '%s' never used,
3	Variable '%s' is assigned but not used in function '%s',
3	Variable '%s' is never assigned in function '%s',
3	Variable '%s' used but never initialized,
4	Suspicious operand type 'unknown', expected '%s',
4	Suspicious parameter '%s', expected '%s',
4	Suspicious return type '%s', expected '%s',
4	Suspicious type in assignment to '%s', expected '%s',
4	Suspicious type in assignment to declared array element expected '%s',
	* ERRORS
	Statement not allowed outside of procedure or function
	Redefinition of procedure or function '%s'
	Duplicate variable declaration '%s'
	%s declaration follows executable statement
	Outer codeblock variable '%s' is out of reach
	Invalid numeric format '.'
	Unterminated string '%s'
	Redefinition of predefined function %s as '%s'
	Illegal variable '%s' initializer '%s'
	ENDIF does not match IF
	ENDDO does not match WHILE
	ENDCASE does not match DO CASE
	NEXT does not match FOR
	ELSE does not match IF
	ELSEIF does not match IF
	Syntax error '%s'
	Unclosed control structure '%s'
	%s statement with no loop in sight
	Syntax error '%s' in '%s'
	Incomplete statement or unbalanced delimiters
	Incorrect number of arguments in %s %s
	Invalid lvalue '%s'
	Invalid use of '@' (pass by reference) '%s'
	Formal parameters already declared
	Invalid %s from within of SEQUENCE code
	Unterminated array index
	Could not allocate %s byte(s)
	Could not reallocate %s byte(s)
	Freeing a NULL memory pointer
	Syntax error "%s at '%s'"
	Jump offset too long
	Can't create output file '%s'
	Can't create preprocessed output file '%s'
	Bad command-line option '%s'
	Bad command-line parameter '%s'
	Invalid filename '%s'
	Mayhem in CASE handler
	Operation not supported for data type '%s'
	Invalid alias expression '%s'
	Invalid array index expression '%s'
	Bound error '%s'
	Macro of declared symbol '%s'
	Invalid selector '%s' in send
	ANNOUNCEd procedure '%s' must be a public symbol
	Jump PCode not found
	CASE or OTHERWISE does not match DO CASE or SWITCH
	Code block contains both macro and declared symbol references '%s'
	GET contains complex macro
	Unterminated inline block in function '%s'
	Too many inline blocks %s
	Inline C requires C output generation, use -gc[n]
	Too many local variables [%s] or parameters [%s]
	Too many enumerate variables in FOR EACH loop
	Incorrect number of enumerate variables
	CASE requires either numeric or string constant
	String too long for SWITCH
	Invalid date constant '%s'
	Invalid timestamp constant '%s'
	Memory buffer overflow
	Memory corruption detected
	Implicit send operator with no WITH OBJECT in sight
	Input buffer overflow
	Unsupported output language option
	String too long
	Code block size too big
	%s not declared with variable number of parameters
	Can't find %s file
	Invalid ALWAYS after %s in RECOVER code
	File write error
	Duplicate case value
	ENDWITH does not match WITH OBJECT
	ENDSWITCH does not match SWITCH
	END SEQUENCE does not match BEGIN SEQUENCE
	Code block contains both macro and WITH OBJECT messages ':%s'
	* Some historical, funny sounding error messages from original CA-Cl*pper. They serve no purpose whatsoever. [vszakats] *
	END wreaks terrible vengeance on control stack
	Control level closure leaves gaping wound in control stack
	Ford Maverick error number
	Something terrible has happened"