2.7 Install and configure wireless LAN infrastructure and implement the appropriate technologies in support of wireless capable devices - Paiet/Tech-Journal-for-Everything GitHub Wiki

2.7 Install and configure wireless LAN infrastructure and implement the appropriate technologies in support of wireless capable devices

  • Small office/home office wireless router
    • Multifunction device designed to work alone
    • All configuration, security and setting are stored individually.
  • Wireless access points
    • 2 types: LWAPs and Autonomous APs
    • Device density
      • How many users can an AP handle?
    • Roaming
      • moving been APs
    • Wireless controllers (WLCs)
      • Centralized Controller for configuring multiple Lightweight APs
      • Provides all APs with policies, SSID, and radio profiles
  • VLAN pooling (Diagram)
    • One SSID + many wireless clients = large broadcast domain
    • Possibly run out of IP addresses
    • When devices are roaming could lose IP
  • LWAPP (Lightweight Access Point Protocol)
    • Cisco proprietary protocol to centrally control APs
    • Cisco APs detect best Wireless LAN Controller (WLC)
    • Each AP can download from the controller Policies, SSID and radio profile dynamically and automatically.
  • Wireless bridge (not a Wi-Fi Bridge)
    • Connects 2 LAN segments using IR or Microwave, where laying cable is prohibited. E.g. Between buildings
    • Can help to secure access to public hotspot. i.e. It becomes a gateway for those connected to AP.
    • Wi-Fi Bridge is connecting two 802.11 networks together to expand Wi-Fi coverage area.
  • Site surveys
    • Heat maps
      • Map signal coverage of your and all other access points in the neighborhood
      • Find optimal location or configuration (such as channel) for your access point(s)
      • Check that the settings (security, channel, SSID) of your access points are correct
      • Find all the Wi-Fi networks (access points) in the area, and their locations
      • Detect and locate open, unsecured networks
  • Frequencies
    • 2.4 Ghz
    • 5.0 Ghz
  • Channels
    • 2.4 GHz, 11 channels(1,6,11) US
    • 5.0 GHz, 13 channels
  • Goodput
    • Throughput - session overhead, acks, and encapsulation = Goodput
    • Transfer of usable data
      • e.g. Transfer of user data between webserver and browser
    • Unlike throughput, which measures bits, goodput is all about the useable data.
  • Connection types (radio-profiles)
    • 802.11a-ht (high-throughput, 20 & 40 MHz)
    • 802.11g-ht (high-throughput, 20 & 40 MHz)
  • Antenna placement (get both access points)
    • Internal
    • External
  • Antenna types (Google Image Search)
    • Omni-directional "360 degree coverage"
    • Uni-directional "Must be Aimed!"
      • Yagi
      • Panel
      • Grid
  • MIMO/MUMIMO
    • MIMO - Multiple In Multiple Out
      • single client sends over multiple antennas and receive on multiple antennas
    • MU MIMO - Multiple Users Multiple In Multiple Out
      • 802.11ac
      • multiple clients accessing same AP simultaneously
  • Signal strength
    • Coverage
    • Differences between device antennas
  • SSID broadcast
    • aka "Beaconing"
    • constant wireless announcement that the AP is working and that network is available.
    • It can be disabled to stop the announcement, obscuring the wireless network.
    • More difficult for users to connect but not necessarily more security
  • Topologies (Diagram)
    • Ad hoc
    • Mesh
    • Infrastructure
  • Mobile devices (User devices)
    • Cell phones
    • Laptops
    • Tablets
    • Gaming devices
    • Media devices