TEAM INFORMATION

Sl.No	Student Name	SRN	Roll No.	E mail
1.	Ananya Basarigidad	01FE21BCS317	1662	[email protected]
2.	Suman Patil	01FE21BCS281	1611	[email protected]
3.	Ajeet Shyanavad	01FE21BCS277	1607	[email protected]
4.	Goutam Giriraddi	01FE21BEC240	1649	[email protected]

GUIDE:Mr. Prashant Udapudi

ABOUT ENGINEERING EXPLORATION:

The opportunity to explore materials and discover their potential is constantly evolving. An inquisitive and curious mind is needed to ensure that materials continue to push creative boundaries while still remaining functional under the decorative we deal with the project using components of mechatronics.

The goal of this module is to move from defining the problem to designing a solution. We begin by learning about the exploration phase, and we will exit this phase with a number of design concepts for peer review. We also learn how to decompose a design to evaluate its overall function, and essential process in creating good design essential to the life of our design. Finally, we learn how to critically examine past design artifacts to inform our current concepts so that we can sensibly differentiate our product.

From this we build trust among our team mates, which also helps in the personality development and with individual self confidence and co-ordination among us.

Pertinent Information Gathering

NEED STATEMENT

In an art craft supply store,there is a need for a machine that can draw different shapes or patterns.

INTRODUCTION

General Description- We have the technologies like automatic speech writing machine, TTS, speech to text output, printers, scanners, etc. But the basic problem is it only writes only those fonts which the computer already has. That is Roman, Calibri, Arial, Impact, Georgia, etc. We want a machine which can write the full matter on a page by the ink of pen in our own personal hand writing. By using the concepts like CNC machines, wooden CNCs which make the design on wood by giving accurate feed to the driller . Similarly, we can use this Technology to make a machine for writing as well as making pattern purpose also.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Basically, some of the physically challenged people who are able to think but unable to write due their inability. In order to over come this difficulty the auto writing machine is designed to sense their thinking using a brain sensor and there by converted to voice by signal using the transducer. This voice signal will be set as input to auto writing machine which has the ability to access the voice and process it. GAKKEN a Japanese company which was started in the year 1946, developed the large mechanical hand. The GAKKEN auto writing machine consist of a hand when you stick a pen to its holder will write the characters. A research is to use an autopen for writing in easiest way. The auto writer works by having a hard disk for storing a large amount of data and three plates that rotate and caught by two sliders that then pull the spring loaded hand to draw the desire shape.

GOALS-

The Goal of this project are:

•This Automated writing and drawing device is used to save the wastage of time.

• There are a lot of automated drawing machines are there. But this is useful among all.

•By this we can make the notes in our own handwriting just by giving the input to the machine. We don't need to waste lots of time by sitting in front of the work.

• This machine will be able to draw and write the assignments and other hand written notes in our own handwriting

•By this we can save our time.

•This machine can be used very easily for writing we just need to give the input text and for drawing we need to give the measurement as the input.

Proposed system

CNC Machines are Computerized Numerical Control Machines which are used to draw anything or design any mechanical part according to the design program fed into their controller unit. Controller unit can be either computer or microcontroller. CNC machines have stepper and servo motors to draw the design as per the fed program. After researching on CNC machines, I decided to build my own CNC machine using locally available materials. There are so a many CNC machines in the world, some of which are much technical and complex to make or even operate them properly. For this reason, I decided to make a CNC Plotter Machine based on Arduino which is by far the simplest to make. This DIY Arduino CNC Machine can draw most of the basic shapes, texts and even cartoons. It's operation is similar to the way a human hand writes. It’s faster and more accurate compared to the way a human being can write or draw.

REFERENCES

o M. Adithan & B.S. Pabla, CNC Machins, 3rded, New Age International Publishers

o Kushdeep Goyal, CNC Machines &Automation.

o Wikipedia–Wooden CNCs.

o Wikipedia–Speech recognition system

o Wikipedia–Text to speech output

• YOUTUBE :

1. https://youtu.be/ka2blkdJKEM
2. https://youtu.be/Li_atZt4qUI

ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

SL.No	Components or parts used	Working principle	Images
1.	Stepper motors-NEMA 17	A stepper motor is an electric motor whose main feature is that its shaft rotates by performing steps, that is, by moving by a fixed amount of degrees. This feature is obtained thanks to the internal structure of the motor, and allows to know the exact angular position of the shaft by simply counting how may steps have been performed, with no need for a sensor. This feature also makes it fit for a wide range of applications.
2.	A4988 Stepper Driver	A motor driver that is designed to drive the motor like a stepper motor to rotate continuously by controlling the exact position without using a feedback system is known as a stepper motor driver. The drivers of this motor mainly provide variable current control as well as several step resolutions. They include fixed translators to allow the motor for controlling by easy step & direction inputs.
3.	Servo motor	Servo motor works on PWM (Pulse width modulation) principle, means its angle of rotation is controlled by the duration of applied pulse to its Control PIN. Basically servo motor is made up of DC motor which is controlled by a variable resistor (potentiometer) and some gears.
4.	Arduino CNC shield	Arduino CNC shields provide an Arduino microcontroller with the power necessary to drive stepper motors and run all the other functions that contribute to a CNC machine's operation. Depending on the shield, this could include end stops, spindle speed control, and probing.
5.	Arduino Uno	The Arduino Uno board is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins in which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, an ICSP header, a USB connection, 6 analog inputs, a power jack and a reset button. This contains all the required support needed for microcontroller.
6.	Limit Switch	A limit switch is a type of sensor that works to detect the presence and absence of an object. It can be mechanically activated by interacting with other substances. As the object contacts the actuator of the switch, it eventually moves to the limit of the actuator where the position of the contact changes.
7.	2 channel relay	2-Channel 5V Relay Module is a relay interface board, it can be controlled directly by a wide range of microcontrollers such as Arduino, AVR, PIC, ARM and so on. It uses a low level triggered control signal (3.3-5VDC) to control the relay. Triggering the relay operates the normally open or normally closed contacts.
8.	LED	The major uses of LED (Light Emitting Diodes) are to illuminate objects and even places. Its application is everywhere due to its compact size, low consumption of energy, extended lifetime, and flexibility in terms of use in various applications. Applications and Uses of LEDs can be seen in: TV Backlighting.
9.	LED Display Screen	A LED display is a flat panel display that uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display. Their brightness allows them to be used outdoors where they are visible in the sun for store signs and billboards
10.	Buzzer	A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or keystroke
11.	IR Sensor	IR sensors are now widely used in motion detectors, which are used in building services to switch on lamps or in alarm systems to detect unwelcome guests. In a defined angle range, the sensor elements detect the heat radiation (infrared radiation) that changes over time and space due to the movement of people.
12.	Male-female wire	The difference between each is in the end point of the wire. Male ends have a pin protruding and can plug into things, while female ends do not and are used to plug things into.The difference between Male and Female connectors is simple. Just like people the Male has a sticking out “pin” which he plugs into something. The Females on the other hand have a “hole” in which to receive something, usually a “pin”!
13.	Resistors	A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses.
14.	Breadboard	A breadboard, or protoboard, is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Originally the word referred to a literal bread board, a polished piece of wood used when slicing bread Because the solderless breadboard does not require soldering, it is reusable.
15.	Belt drive	A belt is a loop of flexible material used to link two or more rotating shafts mechanically, most often parallel. Belts may be used as a source of motion, to transmit power efficiently, or to track relative movement. Belts are looped over pulleys and may have a twist between the pulleys, and the shafts need not be parallel.In a two-pulley system, the belt can either drive the pulleys normally in one direction (the same if on parallel shafts), or the belt may be crossed, so that the direction of the driven shaft is reversed (the opposite direction to the driver if on parallel shafts).As a source of motion, a conveyor belt is one application where the belt is adapted to carry a load continuously between two points. The belt drive can also be used to change the speed of rotation, either up or down, by using different sized pulleys.
16.	Steel hollow rods	A hollow bar is always round and can look like a pipe or a tube, however, typically the walls are much thicker. A hollow bar has the strength of a solid round bar, but since there is no center, there is less weight per foot which can sometimes save money, without compromising strength.
17.	Foam board	Foam board or Foam core board is a strong and lightweight material that is easily cut with a sharp craft knife or picture framing mat cutter.It is commonly used for the mounting of prints and photographs and as backing in picture frames.Foamboard is easily formed into shapes that can be used for interior design and architectural models.Foam board usually consists of three layers, an inner layer of polystyrene or polyurethane foam that is clad with an outer facing on each side of either a white clay coated paper, cotton archival paper or common brown Kraft paper
18.	5V Adaptor	An AC adapter, AC/DC adapter, or AC/DC converter[1] is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. Other common names include plug pack, plug-in adapter, adapter block, domestic mains adapter, line power adapter, wall wart, power brick, wall charger,and power adapter. Adapters for battery-powered equipment may be described as chargers or rechargers (see also battery charger). AC adapters are used with electrical devices that require power but do not contain internal components to derive the required voltage and power from mains power. The internal circuitry of an external power supply is very similar to the design that would be used for a built-in or internal supply.
19.	USB Cable	The term USB stands for "Universal Serial Bus". USB cable assemblies are some of the most popular cable types available, used mostly to connect computers to peripheral devices such as cameras, camcorders, printers, scanners, and more.
20.	Pen Holder	A pen holder is a nice accessory to add to any CNC hobbyist's tool bag. This is especially true for those just getting started with CNC routers. For example, rather than ruining a piece of wood, the beginner can test a “G-code” program simply by using a pen holder to draw the 2D pattern on a piece of paper.