2. Pertinent information - O-Division-2020-2021-Even/Repo-4 GitHub Wiki
2.1 NEED STATEMENT
The process of crushing and disposing the used cup has been a difficult task to the human kind. So, the need of the automatic cup crushing bot is required to reduce the work load as it can make it way easier.
2.2 INTRODUCTION
Plastic/paper cups are often used for gatherings where it would be inconvenient to wash dishes afterward, due to factors such as location or number of guests. It is important to dispose/crush these cups after use. By doing this manually, it takes a lot of time and work. An Automatic cup crushing machine is a machine to crush one or more cups automatically with speed and precision. This kind of machine reduces manpower and makes work easier. It helps Humans also to save time and resources.
2.3 IMPORTANCE
Community-based waste management is very important because the activities are performed by members of the community itself. It would be more effective if tailored to local needs and priorities their utility. Managing waste with the 3R system can done by anyone, anytime, anywhere, and at no cost, what we need only a little time and care. The following 3R activities that can be done at home, school, office, or in other public places. 3R activities; simple can done by anyone, anywhere, anytime and does not require a hefty fee. However, from this pure 3R, it can have a significant impact on the handling of waste which often a problem around us. Thus, crushing the plastic cups can help to the get the waste plastic in small area. Like it was so much space consuming now the life has become easier for the daily workers. The use of plastic waste that continues to increase will certainly be handled with the plastic waste processing business. This plastic waste processing business is a business that is able to make money and also provides benefits to environmental sustainability. Waste such as drink bottles, drinking glasses, oil bottles and similar plastic are processed by grinding and then producing chopped plastic. The results of the chopped plastic are sold to the factory to be reprocessed into new plastic. The plastic can be made into new household furniture used by the community.
2.4 ACTUAL PROBLEM
Crushing is the process of reducing the size of materials so that they can be further processed. Disposing the cups after the usage was a big problem in the previous days. And the wastage of water that was required in washing those cups was also in a huge amount. There was also a huge problem recognised in transporting those used cups, which became way more easier as it was less space consuming.
2.5 LIST OF COMPONENTS
| Sl.No | Components/Parts used | Mechanism and principle identified | Links |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arduino mega | The Arduino Mega is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega1280 (datasheet). It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller | https://www.arduino.cc/en/pmwiki.php?n=Main/ArduinoBoardMega |
| 2 | DC Motor | When a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a torque and tends to move. An electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical chassis. | https://www.electrical4u.com/dc-motor-or-direct-current-motor/ |
| 3 | IR Sensors | The module consists of an IR LED and a photosensor (phototransistor) pair. The light emitted by the IR LED gets reflected by any object placed in front of the sensor and this reflection is detected by the photosensor(phototransistor). Any white (or lighter) colored surface reflects more than a black (or darker) colored surface. | https://store.arduino.cc/usa/grove-infrared-reflective-sensor-v1-2 |
| 4 | Jumper wires | These are long flexible jumpers wires of 150 mm with male connectors on the ends. They are perfect to use to make projects with your Arduinos and breadboard. | https://store.arduino.cc/usa/10-jumper-wires-150mm-male |
| 5 | Bread Board | A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Originally the word referred to a literal bread board, a polished piece of wood used for slicing bread.[1] In the 1970s the solder less breadboard (a.k.a. plug board, a terminal array board) became available and nowadays the term "breadboard" is commonly used to refer to these. Because, the solder less breadboard does not require soldering, it is reusable. This makes it easy to use for creating temporary prototypes and experimenting with circuit design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadboard |
| 6 | 12v battery | A twelve-volt battery has six single cells in series producing a fully charged output voltage of 12.6 volts. A battery cell consists of two lead plates a positive plate covered with a paste of lead dioxide and a negative made of sponge lead, with an insulating material (separator) in between. | https://www.progressivedyn.com/service/battery-basics/#:~:text=A%20twelve%2Dvolt%20battery%20has,material%20(separator)%20in%20between. |
| 7 | 2 Channel relay | 2-Channel 5V Relay Module is a relay interface board, it can be controlled directly by a wide range of microcontrollers such as Arduino, AVR, PIC, ARM and so on. It uses a low level triggered control signal (3.3-5VDC) to control the relay. Triggering the relay operates the normally open or normally closed contacts. | https://www.rhydolabz.com/hardwares-relays-c-170_182/2channel-5v-relay-moduleblack-p-2580.html#:~:text=2%2DChannel%205V%20Relay%20Module%20is%20a%20relay%20interface%20board,open%20or%20normally%20closed%20contacts. |
| 8 | Blades | The machine will be containing the blades which are going to help in crushing the cups.Which will be of greater use in disposing or recycling them. | https://images.app.goo.gl/sZusXtWJTvtUgFf79 |
2.6 THE MECHANISM
The cup, passing through the machine, are crushed in pieces to the optimal dimensions, which are required by cup workers. Already crushed cup can be cleaned one more time. The neck of the cup are crushed and all covers of metals, of cork and of plastic can be removed. The Colgeme rolls cup crushed is able to destroy cup : These machine have an income mouth with various widths, from 300mm. The cylinders cup crushers are used by the main recyclers and by the most important. Material are crushed to the optimal dimension required by the cup workers and has a hight demand in the market. 70% of the energy saving because of the contained motorization. Can be used independently or easy integrated in your total system to improve our materials processing. Cogelme cup crushers are are completely custom designed to fully meet your specifications.
2.6.1 List the Mechanical components
| Sl.no | COMPONENTS |
|---|---|
| 01 | Dc motor, roller, screws blots, plastic wheels |
| 02 | Motor, circular disk, supporting frames solenoid |
| 03 | blades |
| 04 | IR sensor, Bread Board, |
2.6.2 List the Electronic components
| Sl.no | COMPONENTS |
|---|---|
| 01 | Battery, Arduino mega, programming software, sensor |
| 02 | Dc jack, Jumper wires, Arduino |
| 03 | Dc motor, battery, programming device |
| 04 | Jumper wires Channel relay IR sensor |