Week 2: Types of LAN - M199205zn/Datacomm-CS3 GitHub Wiki

1. Peer-to-Peer LAN

  • Description: In this type of LAN, all computers are connected directly without a central server. Each device can act as both a client and a server.
  • Usage: Small businesses, home networks, or environments with minimal resource sharing needs.
  • Advantages:
    • Easy to set up.
    • Low cost (no server required).
  • Disadvantages:
    • Limited scalability.
    • Less secure and harder to manage as the network grows.

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2. Client-Server LAN

  • Description: A centralized server manages the network, controlling access to resources and providing services to connected clients.
  • Usage: Medium to large organizations, schools, and businesses requiring centralized management.
  • Advantages:
    • Centralized management of resources.
    • Higher security and scalability.
  • Disadvantages:
    • Higher setup cost.
    • Requires a dedicated server and skilled administration.

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3. Wired LAN

  • Description: Uses physical cables (e.g., Ethernet) to connect devices within a network.
  • Usage: Offices, schools, and homes requiring stable and high-speed connections.
  • Advantages:
    • High speed and reliability.
    • Reduced interference compared to wireless networks.
  • Disadvantages:
    • Limited mobility due to physical connections.
    • Requires cable installation and maintenance.

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4. Wireless LAN (WLAN)

  • Description: Uses wireless technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi) to connect devices within a network.
  • Usage: Homes, offices, cafes, and public places requiring mobility.
  • Advantages:
    • Greater flexibility and mobility.
    • Easier to expand and set up.
  • Disadvantages:
    • Prone to interference and security vulnerabilities.
    • May have slower speeds compared to wired LANs.

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5. Campus Area Network (CAN)

  • Description: A LAN type that spans multiple buildings within a limited area, such as a university campus or business park.
  • Usage: Universities, hospitals, and large corporate campuses.
  • Advantages:
    • Facilitates centralized network management over a campus.
    • Cost-effective for covering a larger area compared to multiple individual LANs.
  • Disadvantages:
    • Requires robust infrastructure and maintenance.

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6. Virtual LAN (VLAN)

  • Description: A logical grouping of devices within a physical LAN that allows segregation of devices into virtual networks.
  • Usage: Enterprises requiring better network segmentation and security.
  • Advantages:
    • Enhances security and performance.
    • Reduces broadcast traffic.
  • Disadvantages:
    • Requires advanced configuration and management.
    • Depends on VLAN-compatible hardware.

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