【Azure App Service】.NET代码实验App Service应用中获取TLS SSL 证书 (App Service Windows) - LuBu0505/My-Code GitHub Wiki

在使用App Service服务部署业务应用,因为有些第三方的接口需要调用者携带TLS/SSL证书(X509 Certificate),在官方文档中介绍了两种方式在代码中使用证书:

1) 直接使用证书文件路径加载证书

2) 从系统的证书库中通过指纹加载证书

本文中,将分别通过代码来验证以上两种方式.

第一步:使用PowerShell创建自签名证书

$cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName @("mytest.com", "www.mytest.com") -CertStoreLocation "cert:\LocalMachine\My"

$certKeyPath = 'C:\MyWorkPlace\Tools\scerts\mytest.com.pfx' $password = ConvertTo-SecureString 'password' -AsPlainText -Force $cert | Export-PfxCertificate -FilePath $certKeyPath -Password $password

$rootCert = $(Import-PfxCertificate -FilePath $certKeyPath -CertStoreLocation 'Cert:\LocalMachine\Root' -Password $password) 

注意: * 需要使用Administrator模式打开PowerShell窗口 * DnsName, CertKeyPath和 password的内容都可根据需求进行调整 ![image.png](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/26015776-87005a9c3c16993b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

第二步:准备两种读取证书的 .NET代码

方式一:通过证书文件名和密码读取加载证书

  public static string LoadPfx(string? filename, string password = "")
    { try { if (filename == null) filename = "contoso.com.pfx"; var bytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filename); var cert = new X509Certificate2(bytes, password); return cert.ToString();
        } catch (Exception ex)
        { return ex.Message;
        }
}

方式二:通过指纹在系统证书库中查找证书

public static string FindPfx(string certThumbprint = "")
 { try { bool validOnly = false; using (X509Store certStore = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser))
         {
             certStore.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);
             X509Certificate2Collection certCollection = certStore.Certificates.Find(
                                         X509FindType.FindByThumbprint, // Replace below with your certificate's thumbprint certThumbprint,
                                         validOnly); // Get the first cert with the thumbprint X509Certificate2 cert = certCollection.OfType<X509Certificate2>().FirstOrDefault(); if (cert is null) throw new Exception($"Certificate with thumbprint {certThumbprint} was not found"); return cert.ToString();
         }
     } catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; }
 } 

在本次实验中,通过API来调用以上 LoadPfx 和 FindPfx 方法 ![image.png](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/26015776-6086f45c221b7f38.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

第三步:发布测试应用到Azure App Service

第四步:测试接口并修复问题

但是,通过指纹查找的时候,却返回无法找到证书。

Certificate with thumbprint 5A1E7923F5638549F4BA3E29EEDBBDCB2E9B572E was not found

这是原因有两种:

1)证书没有添加到App Service的Certificates中。

2)需要在App Service的Configuration中添加配置WEBSITE_LOAD_CERTIFICATES参数,值为 * 或者是固定的 证书指纹值。 ![image.png](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/26015776-178429c0a21751f0.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

检查以上两点原因后,再次通过指纹方式查找证书。成功! ![image.png](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/26015776-278a83101ef8e946.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

示例代码

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// Add services to the container.

var app = builder.Build();

// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.

app.UseHttpsRedirection();


app.MapGet("/loadpfxbyname", ([FromQuery(Name = "name")] string filename, [FromQuery(Name = "pwd")] string pwd) =>
{
    var content = pfxTesting.LoadPfx(filename, pwd);
    return content;
});

app.MapGet("/loadpfx/{pwd}", (string pwd) =>
{

    var content = pfxTesting.LoadPfx(null, pwd);
    return content;
});

app.MapGet("/findpfx/{certThumbprint}", (string certThumbprint) =>
{

    var content = pfxTesting.FindPfx(certThumbprint);
    return content;
});

app.Run();

class pfxTesting
{
    public static string LoadPfx(string? filename, string password = "")
    {
        try
        {
            if (filename == null) filename = "contoso.com.pfx";

            var bytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filename);
            var cert = new X509Certificate2(bytes, password);

            return cert.ToString();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return ex.Message;
        }
    }

    public static string FindPfx(string certThumbprint = "")
    {
        try
        {
            bool validOnly = false;
            using (X509Store certStore = new X509Store(StoreName.My, StoreLocation.CurrentUser))
            {
                certStore.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);

                X509Certificate2Collection certCollection = certStore.Certificates.Find(
                                            X509FindType.FindByThumbprint,
                                            // Replace below with your certificate's thumbprint
                                            certThumbprint,
                                            validOnly);
                // Get the first cert with the thumbprint
                X509Certificate2 cert = certCollection.OfType<X509Certificate2>().FirstOrDefault();

                if (cert is null)
                    throw new Exception($"Certificate with thumbprint {certThumbprint} was not found");

                return cert.ToString();

            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex) { return ex.Message; }
    }
}

参考资料

[END]

当在复杂的环境中面临问题,格物之道需:浊而静之徐清,安以动之徐生。 云中,恰是如此!

⚠️ **GitHub.com Fallback** ⚠️