GATHERING PERTINENT INFORMATION

NEED STATEMENT :-

A hospital needs to automate the need of dispensing medicine to the patients due to lack of staff and to reduce human effort. The medicine needs to be dispensed based on the inputs fed by the doctor as per the prescription.

Introduction about medicine dispensing bot :-

Dispensing medicine means giving patients their appropriate medicines. In todays life it is done by nurses which consumes their valuable time also they have other things to take care. The bot will deliver the medicines to the patients according to the inputs by the doctors. Automated dispensing robots are easy to program, simple to operate and compatible with all types and controllers. This will save a lot amount of time of the nurses also it will reduce some burden upon the nurses. In todays pandemic where we have to isolate ourselves from patients these bots will save many lives.

Existing solutions for medicine dispensing bot:-

1. SMART MEDICATION DISPENSER

• It is a device that is designed specifically for users who take medication without close professional supervision.
• It relieves the user of the error-prone tasks of administering the wrong medicine at the wrong time.
• The user is required to press a button to get the pill and reset the alarm button.
• It passes three types of data to the medication monitoring server that is the patient's medication state, device state, and system settings.
• The medications are loaded into the dispenser, and each dose is dispensed according to a preset schedule.

2. LIVEASY DISPENCER -

• Transparent plastic casing for easy identification of medicines.
• 28 compartments for optimum storage capacity.
• Multi-purpose box that helps to store medicines and vitamin pills.
• Compact size and lightweight, so you can carry it everywhere.
• Easy to open and close compartments.

3.SYRINGE DISPENSING UNIT-

• Syringe Dispensing Units (SDUs), which dispense free of charge packs of injecting equipment and disposal containers.
• Providing clean injecting equipment prevents the spread of blood borne viruses like HIV and hepatitis C
• The SDUs dispense free packs of injecting equipment and disposal containers.
• Different types of packs, for example, 1 ml and 3 ml syringes, can be selected, and a small amount of data (pack type, gender, age and postcode) is collected before a pack is dispensed.

4. Dymax-

• Dymax offers manual and powered syringe dispenser for accurate and consistent fluid deposits of low and high viscosity material.
• Powered dispensers are ideal for use as an operator work station and can also be integrated into automated processes.
• Manual syringe dispenser are already pre-packed with 3,5 and 10 ml volume syringe.
• Users can set the perfect volume of syringe that they need.
• The main advantage is that it is quick and easy to use with no clean-up.

DIY projects

1. Smartypill -

• This is a smart pill dispenser, this project features 6 separate pill containers for all the different pills.
• It also dispenses water along with pills for convenience using off the shelf water bottles.
• It also has customizable LED lights to highlight the areas where pills are dispensed.
• It has built in speaker to announce when pills should be taken.
• There is a built in display for the user to see when pills need to be taken.
• This is very helpful to the elderly people as they tent to have oblivion that is they forget how to take their pills.

2.The Automatic Medication Dispenser -

• The 'machine' has seven drums (one for each day of the week) with 4 compartments that you can fill with your medication.
• When filled, you put them back in the machine and connect them to it.
• On the front of the machine is a lcd-screen and 2 buttons.
• There you can set the time and date and program when you need the medication.
• the machine drops the correct pills and sounds an alarm until you take the pills and push a button.
• After that it goes back to "sleep" until the next alarm.

3. AUTOMATIC PILL DISPENSER:

• This is a pill dispenser robot able to provide the patient the correct amount and type of medicine pills.
• The dosing of the pill is performed automatically at the correct time of the day, preceded by an alarm.
• When empty, the machine is easily refilled by the user.
• The dispensing and refilling mechanism is controlled using an application connected via Bluetooth to the robot and using two buttons.

4.Automated pill Dispenser:

• Dump each prescription bottle into its own separate funnel
• Use button to set how many pills you need from each funnel.
• Use the hour and minute buttons tp set the time you want your pills dispensed.
• When the time occurs, pills will be automatically dispensed and buzzer will ring.

Links to the websites for detailed information :-

1. https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/com-bros/smartypill-the-smart-pill-dispenser-for-everyone-c3a478
2. https://www.seniority.in/automatic-pill-dispenser-seniority-pdp
3. https://www.instructables.com/The-Automatic-Medication-Dispencer
4. https://medipense.com/en/
5. https://pharmeasy.in/health-care/products/liveasy-wellness-zero-calorie-sugar-substitute-sugar-free-tablets---weight-management---300tablets-499562 6.https://www.cohealth.org.au/news/syringe-dispensing-units-are-now-available/ 7.https://youtu.be/91oR_vLDTrA

What all components & sub components do you feel are needed for your project? List out each components with details you have found out(details can include working principle, constructions and interaction aspects).

S.no.	Components / Parts used	Mechanism / Principle Identified	Links
01	Arduino UNO	It is a micro controller which can be programmed for performing a desired task	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino_Uno
02	DC motor	The DC motor is the motor which converts the direct current into the mechanical work. It works on the principle of Lorentz Law	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_motor
03	Servo motor	Servo motor works on the PWM ( Pulse Width Modulation ) principle, which means its angle of rotation is controlled by the duration of pulse applied to its control PIN	https://circuitdigest.com/article/servo-motor-working-and-basics
04	Solderless Breadboard	The breadboard has many holes into which circuit components like ICs and resistors can be inserted	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadboard
05	Liquid crystal display	A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals combined with polarizers. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly, instead using a backlight or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome	https://www.circuitstoday.com/liquid-crystal-displays-lcd-working
06	Buzzer	An arduino buzzer is also called a piezo buzzer. It is basically a tiny speaker that you can connect directly to an Arduino. You can make it sound a tone at a frequency you set. The buzzer produces sound based on reverse of the piezoelectric effect	http://www.ozeki.hu/p_2977-how-to-use-a-buzzer-in-arduino.html
07	Foam Board	The foam board is a material like card board which can be easily converted into many shapes, it provides main structure to hold all the components	https://www.foamboards.com.au/
08	led strip light	This is a thin led strip of light which will glow when all the lights are of, it will help to identify the things in dark	https://www.amazon.com/gp/bestsellers/hi/17534489011
09	ARDUINO MICRO	The Micro is a microcontroller board, it contains everything needed to support the microcontroller	https://store.arduino.cc/usa/arduino-micro

COST ESTIMATION

S.no.	Components required	cost (in Rs )
1	Arduino UNO	499
2	DC motor	55
3	Solderless Breadboard	60
4	speaker	45
5	Liquid crystal display	100
6	Foam Board	120
7	containers	60
8	wires	100
9	syringes	150
	total	1189