A paper cutter, also known as a paper trimmer or sometimes called as a "paper guillotine", is a tool often used in offices and classrooms, to cut a large set of paper sheets at once with a straight edge. They vary in size from 30 centimeters, generally used in offices, to 84.1 centimeters, used in paper workshops. There are various designs with varied mechanisms of working. [1]

A Startup Industry in KLE Tech park is interested in showcasing miniature version of their new Metal Punching / Cutting machine. The miniature machine will cut paper instead of sheet metal to show the working of the machine.````

Internet and YouTube videos.

Geneva Mechanism is used in automated paper cutting machine. This system cuts the paper into pieces of equal length. The whole system works on a 12 V DC Motor. A shaft set is used to connect the Motor to the scissor, so that the cutting takes place at regular intervals. The scissor through a shaft is first connected to a Sprocket. This is joined to another sprocket through a rotating chain. The second sprocket connects the Geneva wheel. Geneva wheel ensures equal amount of paper feeding into the machine at each interval. A proper supporting frame is needed to maintain the co-ordination between the feeding and cutting of paper. [2]

Fig.1.Geneva Mechanism[3]<\p>

This mechanism mainly uses a large number of rollers. The long paper is fed to the initial roller. The paper series is taken throughout the machine using rollers. It cuts large paper rolls into rectangular paper sheets. At last, the paper sheets are collected in a built container. Similar machines are used in Newspaper printing factories. The maximum speed of the rollers is maintained at 350 m/min. [4]

Fig.2.Rotary Paper Cutting Machine[5]

In this mechanism, a hollow vessel without top and base, of the required shape into which the paper is to be cut, is kept on a bunch of paper. The edges of the vessel are sharp. A typical piston presses the vessel against the bunch of paper. Since the edges of the vessel are highly sharp, the vessel gets into the paper bunch and the paper gets cut in the shape of the vessel. [6]

1. Geneva Mechanism is a where the paper is cut in regular intervals and the feeding of paper is done at constant sepped with the help of a roller, so that each paper piece is cut of equal size and dimensions. Geneva drive is wheel which converts the continuous motion of the motor to intermittent motion of the scissor. The scissor is tied with a spring which brings back the scissor to its original position after cutting the paper. https://www.scribd.com/document/342564325/paper-cutting-machine
2. Geneva mechanism of paper cutting consists of the parts namely, Geneva wheel, rotating disc bearing, frame and DC motor. The rotating drive wheel connected to the motor has a pin which enters the slots provided in the Geneva wheel and rotates the wheel each time by some angle. If there are N slots in the wheel, then at each step the wheel is rotated by 360/N angle and correspondingly the scissor cuts the paper. If we want paper of varying dimensions, an elliptical geneva crank should be used.
   http://www.ijlera.com/papers/v2-i5/part-III/A5.pdf
3. To incorporate Geneva mechanism in paper cutting machine, one must analyze the comparison betwwen Velocity, Acceleration and jerk between the classical Geneva wheel mechanism and the proposed mechanism. This analysis presents a kinematic study of a mechanism incorporating a Geneva wheel and a gear train to achieve intermittent motion.The analysis and usage of elliptical crank in Geneva mechanism has been studied by Han Jiguang Yu Kang. http://ijrcs.org/wp-content/uploads/201807014.pdf
4. This research work is aimed for design and fabrication of a mechanically operated paper shearing machine. This machine can be used for other applications like Bending, Punching and Embossing. In this system, there is an integration of clamping and cutting mechanism, so the operator effort is reduced when compared to the existing types.
   http://www.ijirset.com/upload/2016/may/272_55_Mechanically.pdf
5. By increasing or decreasing the number of slots in the Geneva wheel, one can control the time interval of paper cutting and thus the length of each paper piece cut. The number of slots chosen can be four, six or any higher number. The basic criterion that has to be maintained while making Geneva wheel of any number of slots is that, the pin has to enter and leave the slots radially. https://www.irjet.net/archives/V4/i5/IRJET-V4I5425.pdf
6. The annexed engraving is a perspective view of a machine for cutting papers and pasteboard. The nature of improvement consists in having an adjustable knife or a cutter placed within a sliding stock, and so arranged that the knife or cutter may be regulated to cut the required depth by merely turning the handles by which the sliding stock can be moved upon the bed.
   https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/paper-cutting-machine-1853-09-03/
7. The article describes a novel indexing mechanism to improve the productivity of the paper cutting machines. the mechanism is based on dual light sources and an optical detector. https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/01445150310471437?journalCode=aa
8. The below link shows the working of a DIY Arduino based paper cutting machine. Arduino Mega 2560 is used to control and co-ordinate the various components of the machine. The user has to enter the number of pieces to be cut and total length of the paper to be fed. The cutting process is carried out by the Arduino on its own.
   https://youtu.be/M6Vu3OT-UKg
9. The below link shows the making of a mechanical tool to cut papers easily. Materials used are Wooden bars of given dimensions, screws, door and a blade. The tool is easy to use and has a good grip. https://youtu.be/LmWvj8e2gKY
10. The below link describes a DIY paper cutting machine. The blade from a sharpener is taken and attached to a motor. This system is given an appropriate covering body using a box. As the motor is switched on, The partial blade which is remains ot of the box start rotating at high speed and thus cutting anything that comes in between, just as like a fan.
    https://youtu.be/eT1S71FJuvA
11. This is a simple DIY paper cutting project, which needs two plastic sharp edged scales and a scissor. The system uses two scales to fix the length of the paper. One scale is fixed, whereas the other scale is movable, and the whole setup rests on a glass base. A Cutter is used to cut the paper.
    https://youtu.be/fEpU9VhhmJw
12. This link shows the actual working of a Geneva paper cutting machine, which is attached to a similar software as Arduino to control the rotating of the shaft attached to the scissor and the paper feeding rollers, automatically. The user has to set the number of pieces and start to get the paper cut.
    https://youtu.be/fz1Qfw5xuaY

Stepper Motor is a brushless DC motor which divides the entire rotation into equal steps. It is capable of converting a train of pulses into a precisely defined increment in the shaft position. Each pulse rotates the shaft by a fixed angle. [7]

Fig.3.Stepper Motor [8]

The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on Atmega 2560 microcontroller. The program codes for the operation of Arduino Mega 2560 is written in Arduino IDE Software. This board comes with 54 pins and 16 analog pins with a larger memory to store the code. [9]

Fig.4.Arduino 2560[10]

Rollers are needed to feed the paper into the body of the machine and razor blades are needed to cut the paper at regular intervals. [11]

Table 1. Information collected by Various Sources

Sl. no.	Components or parts used		Mechanisms / Working Principle identified	Links
	Electronic	Mechanical
01	Stepper Motor		Attraction and Repulsion between Unlike and Like Poles respectively on changing the polarity of the magnets by passing current through it	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor
02	Arduino		Controlling of various devices connected to it based on the program code written in Arduino IDE software	https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/2018/06/introduction-to-arduino-mega-2560.html
03		Rollers	They transmit things along its circumference from top to bottom while rotating clockwise and from bottom to top while rotating anti-clockwise
04		Thermocol Cutter	Sharp edges have low surface area and thus apply more pressure for even small forces, seperating the particles of an object

A Paper can be cut into two pieces by applying force on the paper in opposite directions with some distance in between. But this method of paper cutting does not ensure linear or perfect cutting of paper.

Scissors are a pair of metal blades pivoted so that the sharpened edges slide against each other when the handles (bows) opposite to the pivot are closed. Since the edges of the blades are sharp, they exert high pressure on the object between the blades and thus cut it into two pieces. [12]

Table 2. Cost Table for Geneva Mechanism Spare Parts [13]

Sl. no.	Component	Cost
01	Geneva Wheel	1,200
02	Sprockets	1400
03	Roller Chain	360
04	Paper Cutter	150
05	Paper Roller	250
06	Coil Spring	350
07	Shaft	1,800
08	Frame , base and other materials	2,500
	Total Cost	8,010

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_cutter
2. https://nevonprojects.com/automatic-paper-cutting-machine-using-geneva-mechanism/
3. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiB2vLy54rgAhURfX0KHfD_DWcQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnevonprojects.com%2Fautomatic-paper-cutting-machine-using-geneva-mechanism%2F&psig=AOvVaw24kt7wbNZK6TlLshL8YQyq&ust=1548570254885442
4. https://youtu.be/pFVnrjB2gKU
5. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwimrefD7IrgAhXSWysKHRSxCkUQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsikhandarmachinery.com%2Fproducts-detail-SEMI_45_AUTO%2BCORRUGATED%2BROTARY%2BDIE%2BCUTTING%2BMACHINE.html&psig=AOvVaw29qEsZ2QhtZbNVDOC5Q8rD&ust=1548571496151448
6. https://youtu.be/oBQ3X0yRpAo
7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor
8. https://dzevsq2emy08i.cloudfront.net/paperclip/technology_image_uploaded_images/23984/large/Nema%2017.jpg?1372864563
9. https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/2018/06/introduction-to-arduino-mega-2560.html
10. https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fstore-cdn.arduino.cc%2Fusa%2Fcatalog%2Fproduct%2Fcache%2F1%2Fimage%2F520x330%2F604a3538c15e081937dbfbd20aa60aad%2Fa%2F0%2Fa000067_featured_1_.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fstore.arduino.cc%2Fusa%2Farduino-mega-2560-rev3&docid=GcQtPfF4nu1abM&tbnid=orUU--jvew4krM%3A&vet=10ahUKEwiD3tn2o43gAhXKF3IKHYDtCMMQMwhpKAAwAA..i&w=520&h=330&hl=en-IN&authuser=0&bih=754&biw=1536&q=arduino%20mega%20working&ved=0ahUKEwiD3tn2o43gAhXKF3IKHYDtCMMQMwhpKAAwAA&iact=mrc&uact=8 11.https://blog.arduino.cc/2018/06/15/an-automated-paper-cutter/
11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scissors
12. http://ijaerd.com/papers/special_papers/ME-051.pdf