Engineering Exploration

Pertinent Information Gathering

NEED STATEMENT- Semi-Automated Punching Machine

What are the references used?

1.Google Websites

2.Youtube

3.ppts

4.pdfs

Have you gone through any DIY Projects?

1.Nevon Projects

2.Youtube

Some components needed for the NEED Statement:

1.Arduino Mega:

Arduino board is an open-source microcontroller board which is based on Atmega 2560 microcontroller. The growth environment of this board executes the processing or wiring language. These boards have recharged the automation industry with their simple to utilize platform wherever everybody with small otherwise no technical backdrop can start by discovering some necessary skills to program as well as run the Arduino board.

2.Bread Board:

A breadboard, or protoboard, is a construction base for prototyping of electronics.Because the solderless breadboard does not require soldering, it is reusable. This makes it easy to use for creating temporary prototypes and experimenting with circuit design. For this reason, solderless breadboards are also popular with students and in technological education.

3.Sensors:

A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment. The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure, or any one of a great number of other environmental phenomena. The output is generally a signal that is converted to human-readable display at the sensor location or transmitted electronically over a network for reading or further processing.

4.Electic Motors:

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. An electric generator is mechanically identical to an electric motor, but operates with a reversed flow of power, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as a power grid, inverters or electrical generators.

4.Switches:

A switch is used in a wired network to connect to other devices using Ethernet cables. The switch allows each connected device to talk to the others. Wireless-only networks do not use switches because devices such as wireless routers and adapters communicate directly with one another.

Mechanisms that can be used for the need statement

(1) Crank Press:

Presses using crankshaft mechanisms are called crankshaft presses. The reason why the crankshaft mechanism is used the most is that it is easy to make, the end position under the stroke can be correctly determined, and the movable curve of the slider is basically used for various processing. Therefore, this type of stamping is actually used for punching, bending, stretching, hot forging, warm forging, cold forging, and almost all other punching processes.

https://technologystudent.com/cams/crank1a.gif

(2) Crankless Press:

Crankless presses are also called eccentric gear presses. The eccentric gear presses are superior to crankshafts in terms of shaft rigidity, lubrication, appearance, and care. But the disadvantage is the higher price. When the operation time is longer, the eccentric gear punch is more advantageous.

(3) Knuckle Press:

Those who use the toggle mechanism on the slider drive are called toggle punches. This type of punch has a unique slider motion curve where the speed of the slider near the bottom dead center becomes extremely slow (as measured by the crank press). And it also correctly determines the position of the dead point under the stroke.

(4) Friction Press:

Presses that use friction transmission and screw mechanisms on the track drive are called friction punches. This type of punch is most suitable for forging and punching operations. Because of its low price, it was widely used before the war. Because of the inability to determine the end position under the stroke, poor processing accuracy, slow production speed, excessive load when the control operation is wrong, and the need for skilled technology in use, it is gradually being eliminated today.

(5) Geneva Mechanism:

The Geneva drive or Maltese cross is a gear mechanism that translates a continuous rotation movement into intermittent rotary motion. The rotating drive wheel is usually equipped with a pin that reaches into a slot located in the other wheel that advances it by one step at a time. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ZMMfneMHhg

(6) Rack Press:

The rack and pinion mechanism used on the slider drive mechanism is called a rack type punch. Spiral punches have almost the same characteristics as rack punches, and their characteristics are almost the same as those of hydraulic punches. It used to be used to squeeze bushings, debris and other items for extrusion, oil extraction, packing, and cartridge casing extrusion (hot-press extrusion processing), etc., but today it has been replaced by hydraulic presses unless extremely special Is no longer used outside of the situation.

(7) Link Press:

Presses that use various link mechanisms on the slider drive mechanism are called link-type punches. The purpose of using the link mechanism is to reduce the cycle of the processing while maintaining the stretching speed within the limit during the extension processing and use the reduction of the speed change of the extension processing to speed up the approaching stroke and from the top dead center to the processing start point. The speed of the return stroke from the bottom dead center to the top dead center makes it have a shorter cycle than the crank press to improve productivity.

(8) Cam Press:

A punch press using a cam mechanism on the slider drive mechanism is called a cam punch press. The characteristic of this kind of punching machine is the cam shape which is made properly, so as to obtain the desired slider moving curve easily. However, due to the nature of the cam mechanism, it is difficult to convey greater force, so the punching capacity is very small.