To open terminal on MacOS, find it in Launchpad or:

• Press Command+Space and type "terminal"
• Select "terminal.app" and press Enter

Terminal opens in your user directory - /Users/<username>.

To see the full path name of your current directory, run:

pwd # 'pwd' is short for 'print working directory'

command by typing it in terminal and hitting enter.

To list all subdirectories and files in your current directory, run:

ls # 'ls' is short from 'list'

To open a Desktop subdirectory, run cd command:

cd Desktop # 'cd' is short from 'change directory'

To move back, run cd command again and specify .. as directory name:

cd .. # '..' is short for 'parent directory'

To get back to your home directory from anywhere, run:

cd ~ # '~' is short for 'user home directory'

MacOS hides files and directories that start with ., for example ~/.ssh.

To list all files, including hidden, run:

ls -a

To create a new directory named new-project, run:

mkdir new-project

Check that new-project directory is successfully created:

ls

Navigate to the new-project directory:

cd new-project

Check the full path name of your current directory:

pwd