Linux & unix bash Commands - IUHEPandML/DataAnalysis GitHub Wiki

Common Unix Shell / Linux Commands

Unix shell or Linux commands are essential tools for interacting with your system's operating system. Here are some basic commands to get you started:

ls : Lists the files and directories in the current directory.
```
ls
```
pwd : Displays the current working directory.
```
pwd
```
cd : Changes the current directory.
```
cd /path/to/directory
```
cat : Concatenates and displays the content of files.
```
cat filename
```
mv : Moves or renames files and directories.
```
mv oldfilename newfilename
```
cp : Copies files and directories.
```
cp sourcefile destinationfile
```
mkdir : Creates a new directory.
```
mkdir newdirectory
```
rm : Removes files or directories.
```
rm filename
```
To remove a directory and its contents:
```
rm -r directoryname
```
wc : Prints newline, word, and byte counts for each file.
```
wc filename
```
sort -n : Sorts lines of text files numerically.
```
sort -n filename
```
head -n : Outputs the first n lines of a file.
```
head -n 10 filename
```

Operators

Operators are used to manipulate data and files in Unix/Linux.

> : Redirects the output of a command to a file, overwriting the existing content.
```
command > outputfile
```
| : The pipe operator, used to pass the output of one command as input to another command.
```
command1 | command2
```