4.2 : Simple Routing Lab - Hsanokklis/2022-2023-Tech-journal GitHub Wiki

Summary:

Goals:

• Observe the Layer 2 header changes as a packet crosses a router
• Recognize the role of the default gateway

Doc Link

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Part 1: Configuring the Network

1. Download the file and open it in packet tracer, it should look like this

2. Assign the following IP addresses and subnet masks to the PCs

What is a subnet mask?

It's used to divide Ip addresses into 2 parts. One part identifies the host computer and the other identifies the network it belongs to.

3. Since we'll be pinging across different networks, we'll need to define the gateway addresses for our PCs.

• to define the default gateway for a PC go to PC --> Config --> settings(make sure its static)

Define default gateway?

The default gateway allows for connection between networks. If you are on a LAN and you want to communicate with google, you have to go through the default gateway first.

4. Enter the following gateway IPs for each PC:

**5. Now we need to set the IP/gateway on the multilayer switch to match the configurations we did on the PCs **

• go to switch --> config --> Interface(FastEthernet0/1 etc)

6. Enter the following IPs on these interfaces:

7. Once all of the interfaces are configured, try pinging PC1 and PC2 from PC0. If configured correctly, the pings should succeed!

• Pinging PC1 from PC0

• Pinging PC2 from PC0

Part 2: Packet Tracer Simulation Mode

1. Click on the Simulation button in the bottom-right corner of the Packet Tracer window.

2. Click Show All/None and then click edit filters and choose ICMP in the IPv4 section

3. ping PC1 from PC0. The initial ping packet should appear in the simulation window.

you can see the ping in the event list

you can watch the packets go between the switch and each other

4. Click on the packet as it arrives at the switch.

• It shows the OSI model

*If you click on the inbound details it shows how details are formatted in the packet

What is the Source and Destination MAC address of the packet as it arrives at the switch?

What is the Source and Destination MAC address of the packet as it leaves the switch?

Why does the Destination MAC of the packet arriving at the switch match the Source MAC of the packet leaving the switch?

This is because PC0 first destination is really the switch, so that will be the destination of the packet arriving at the switch. The packet leaving the switch will be leaving from the source which is technically the switch so it will be the same as the previous destination.

How do you set the gateway address on a workstation in Packet Tracer? How do you set the IP and subnet mask on different interfaces of a multilayer switch? How do you enter simulation mode in Packet Tracer? How do you set which types of packets you want to see in Simulation Mode?