Web Development with Django - GerryZhang0925/dev_env GitHub Wiki
Create a virtual environment with the following command.
$ conda create -n pyhtml $ conda info -e $ source activate pyhtml
Install the django package with conda.
$ conda install django $ sudo ln -s ~/anaconda3/pkgs/django-1.11.3-py36_0/bin/django-admin.py /usr/local/bin/django-admin.py
Install mysql-python package with conda.
$ conda install mysql-python
Run the following command to create a mysite directory in the current directory, then access http://127.0.0.1:8000/
$ sudo ln -s ~/anaconda3/pkgs/-1.11.10-py27hd476221_0/bin/django-admin.py /usr/local/bin/django-admin.py $ django-admin.py startproject mysite $ cd mysite $ ls manage.py mysite $ python manage.py runserver
Go into the directory of project and run the following command to create an application inside the project.
$ python manage.py startapp myapp
and edit the file of myapp/views.py as following.
from django.shortcuts import render from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse("<em>My First Project</em>")
edit the file of mysite/setting.py as following to include myapp as an application.
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'myapp'
] edit the file of mysite/urls.py as following.
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from myapp import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
Finally, start the server and open url of http://localhost:8000, we can find the application we defined.
Edit the file of mysite/urls.py to add following code to add supports of include.
from django.conf.urls import include
urlpattens = [
url(r'^myapp/', include('myapp.urls')),
]
Add a file named myapp/urls.py as following.
from django.conf.urls import url
from myapp import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
]
Finally, start the server and open url of http://localhost:8000/myapp/, we can find the application we defined.
Create a directory for templates with following command.
$ cd ~mysite
$ mkdir templates
$ mkdir templates/myapp
Create a file of templates/myapp/help.html as following.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>HELP PAGE</title>
</head>
<body>
{{ help_insert }}
</body>
</html>
Edit the file of mysite/settings.py to add following lines.
TEMPLATE_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')
TEMPLATES = [
{...
'DIRS': [TEMPLATE_DIR,],
}
]
Edit the file of myapp/urls.py to add following lines.
from django.conf.urls import url
from myapp import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.help, name='help'),
]
Edit the file of mysite/urls.py as following
from django.conf.urls import include
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^help/', include('mypp.urls'))
]
Edit the file of myapp/views.py to add following code.
def help(request):
helpdict = {'help_insert':'HELP PAGE'}
return render(request, 'first_app/help.html', context=helpdict)
Execute the following commands.
$ python manage.py migrate
$ python manage.py runserver
Create directories for static information.
$ mkdir static
$ mkdir static/images
$ mkdir static/css
Edit the file of mysite/settings.py as following.
STATIC_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
STATIC_DIR,
]
Edit the file of myapp/help.html as following.
<!DOCTYPE html>
{% load staticfiles %}
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>HELP PAGE</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href={% static "css/mystyle.css" %}"/>
</head>
<body>
{{ help_insert }}
<h1>Hi, this is a picture of Django himself!</h1>
<img src="{% static "image/djangoguiter.jpg" %}" alt="Uh oh, didn't show!">
</body>
</html>
create superuser with the following command.
python manage.py createsuperuser
Edit myapp/models.py to contain three models.
from django.db import models
class Topic(models.Model):
top_name = models.CharField(max_length=264,unique=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.top_name
class Webpage(models.Model):
topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic)
name = models.CharField(max_length=264,unique=True)
url = models.URLField(unique=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class AccessRecord(models.Model):
name = models.ForeignKey(Webpage)
date = models.DateField()
def __str__(self):
return str(self.date)
Edit the file myapp/models.py as following
from django.contrib import admin
from first_app.models import AccessRecord,Topic,Webpage
# Register your models here.
admin.site.register(AccessRecord)
admin.site.register(Topic)
admin.site.register(Webpage)
Migrate models with following commands.
$ python manage.py migrate
$ python manage.py makemigrations myapp
$ python manage.py migrate
Add records with following commands.
$ python manage.py shell
$ from myapp.models import Topic
$ print(Topic.objects.all())
<QuerySet []>
$ t = Topic(top_name="Social Network")
$ t.save()
$ print(Topic.objects.all())
<QuerySet [<Topic: Social Network>]>
$ quit()
Install Faker
$ conda install -c conda-forge faker
Create a script which uses faker and run it.
import os
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'first_project.settings')
import django
django.setup()
import random
from first_app.models import AccessRecord, Webpage, Topic
from faker import Faker
fakegen = Faker()
topics = ['Search', 'Social', 'Marketplace', 'News', 'Games']
def add_topic():
t = Topic.objects.get_or_create(top_name=random.choice(topics))[0]
t.save()
return t
def populate(N=5):
for entry in range(N):
# get the topic for the entry
top = add_topic()
# Create the fake data for that entry
fake_url = fakegen.url()
fake_date = fakegen.date()
fake_name = fakegen.company()
# Create the new webpage entry
webpg = Webpage.objects.get_or_create(topic=top, url=fake_url, name=fake_name)[0]
# Create a fake access record for that webpage
acc_rec = AccessRecord.objects.get_or_create(name=webpg, data=fake_date)[0]
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("populating script!")
populate(20)
print("populating complete!")
Edit the file of myapp/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from first_app.models import Topic,Webpage,AccessRecord
def index(request):
webpages_list = AccessRecord.objects.order_by('date')
date_dict = {'access_records':webpages_list}
return render(request, 'first_app/index.html', context=date_dict)
and the file template/myapp/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
{% load staticfiles %}
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Django Level Two</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "css/mystyle.css"}"/>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hi welcome to Django Level two!</h1>
<h2>Here are your access records:</h2>
<div class="djangtwo">
{% if access_records %}
<table>
<thread> <th>Site Name</th> <th>Data Accessed</th> </thread>
{% for acc in access_records %}
<tr>
<td>{{ acc.name }}</td>
<td>{{ acc.date }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
{% else %}
<p>NO ACCESS RECORDS FOUND!</p>
{% endif %}
</div>
</body>
</html>
Install the framework with following command.
conda upgrade -c anaconda django
conda install -c conda-forge djangorestframework
and edit the file of settings.py to add a installed application of rest_framework as following.
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'myApp',
'rest_framwork'
]