PERTINENT DOCUMENT - Gdiv-exploration/Repo_LR_6 GitHub Wiki

PERTINENT INFORMATION DOCUMENT

A REPORT ON THE COURSE PROJECT OF ENGINEERING EXPLORATION COURSE

                          By group: 6 (G)

1. PROBLEM DEFINITION :

Need Statement(4): Unkal Lake in Hubli is suffering from various pollution issues. Hubli-Dharwad Muncipal corporation is looking for the robot which automatically sails through and clean the lake

1.1 INTRODUCTION:

Unkal Lake, which once supplied drinking water to the city, is fast getting polluted due to excess discharge of sewage into the lake from surrounding places. Even though the district administration and HDMC authorities have taken up the work, it's still going at a snail's pace. The lake's condition is so pathetic that most of the people who are residing in Unkal have started using the water to wash their clothes, utensils and buffaloes.

Water is being contaminated due to excess release of sewage from Navangar, Byaridevarkoppa and other surrounding places. Unkal Lake is one among the few-survived lakes in twin cities. This lake is spread across 200 acres of land but most of it has been encroached upon.

The unmindful act of people who are dumping garbage, waste and washing clothes has spoilt the lake's beauty. The lake, in spite of being located on the Hubli-Dharwad main road, has been neglected for many years.

When environmentalists and localities raised their concern over the condition, HDMC and the district administration have decided to give a facelift to the lake. They started the cleaning last year but the work is still incomplete. No step has been taken to desalt the lake and make it free from sewage.

PROBLEM FACED BY UNKAL LAKE

1. SEWAGE

Sewage in a lake.

2. WEEDS

Weeds in a lake.

3. GARBAGE

Garbage in a lake.

EXISTING SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMS

1. AERATION:

Aeration in a pond provides many benefits. A well-aerated pond will have less algae growth. It will also reduce odors caused by anaerobic conditions. There are many ways to help aerate my pond. Waterfalls or commonly used floating fountains will provide some aeration. However, this requires lots of capital and man-power.

One of Aeration technique.

2. BACTERIAL TREATMENTS:

Bacteria break down muck and sludge and reduce the nutrient load in the water, thus reducing algae and aquatic weeds. Reduced sludge levels greatly improve water quality with lake water. The bacteria will also greatly reduce odours from the pond. But the chemicals turn out to be harmful to the aquatic life.

Bacterial treatment

Bacterial Treatment

3. POND-DYE:

Pond dye limits the sunlight penetrating the water, thereby reducing growth of algae and aquatic weeds.

Pond dye

Pond-Dye.

PROTOTYPE	FUNCTIONS	COST	DIMENSIONS	MECHANISMS	COMPONENTS	DRAWBACKS
1.Aquatic Robot System	(1)Automatically senses and collects pollutants.(2)Monitors the water quality.	.......	1154mm559mm294	(1)Track belt system.(2)Sensors to sense other objects such as big rocks.(3) Motors to run the propellers and track belt.	(1)Propellers.(2)Track belt.(3)Sensors.(4)Motors.	1.Cannot operate in lakes covered with thick weeds.(2)Less battery backup.
2.Autonomous surface vehicle for water quality monitoring	(1)Is able to sense the water quality.	.........	.......................................	(1)Sensors to collect data.(2)Motors to run the robot.	(1)Sensors.(2)Motors.(3)Solar cell to charge.	(1)Cannot operate in lakes covered with thick weeds.
3. Ro-Boat an autonomous river cleaning robot	(1)High powered dozer to facilitate heavy lifting.(2)Is able to lift objects of variable sizes.(3)Works as a hovercraft.	.........	.............................	(1)Dozers to collect heavy objects.(2) Motors to run the dozers as well as fans.	(1)Dozer fans.(2)Fans.(3)Motors.	(1)Cannot cut weeds.(2)Is not effective if object are large and wide.