AWS ‐ Route 53 - FullstackCodingGuy/Developer-Fundamentals GitHub Wiki

Amazon Route 53 - Overview

Amazon Route 53 is a highly scalable and reliable Domain Name System (DNS) web service provided by AWS. It helps route end-user requests to applications, infrastructure, or services hosted inside AWS or externally.

Key Features of Route 53

  1. Domain Registration

    • You can register and manage domains directly in Route 53.
    • Supports WHOIS privacy protection and automatic renewal.

  2. DNS Routing

    • Converts human-readable domain names (e.g., example.com) into IP addresses.
    • Supports different types of routing policies (explained below).

  3. Health Checks & Failover

    • Monitors the health of endpoints and automatically redirects traffic if a failure is detected.
    • Integrated with CloudWatch for monitoring.

  4. Traffic Management & Load Balancing

    • Routes users to the closest or best-performing endpoint using intelligent traffic routing.
    • Works with AWS services like Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), S3, and CloudFront.

  5. Highly Scalable & Reliable

    • Globally distributed across multiple AWS regions.
    • Designed for high availability with low-latency routing.

  6. Security & Compliance

    • Supports DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions) to prevent DNS spoofing.
    • AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) for permissions management.

Types of Routing Policies in Route 53

Route 53 offers various routing policies for handling DNS queries:

Routing Policy Description
Simple Routing Routes traffic to a single resource (e.g., one EC2 instance).
Weighted Routing Distributes traffic across multiple endpoints based on assigned weights.
Latency-based Routing Routes users to the region with the lowest latency.
Geolocation Routing Directs users based on their geographic location.
Geoproximity Routing Routes traffic to the closest AWS region with bias control.
Failover Routing Redirects traffic to a backup resource if the primary is unavailable.
Multi-Value Answer Returns multiple IP addresses for redundancy and load balancing.

Common Use Cases for Route 53

  • Hosting websites (e.g., www.myapp.com) with AWS services like S3, CloudFront, or EC2.
  • Load balancing across regions to improve performance and resilience.
  • Disaster recovery solutions using health checks and failover routing.
  • Hybrid cloud setups for routing traffic between AWS and on-premises infrastructure.

Pricing Model

  • Domain Registration Fees (varies per domain extension, e.g., .com, .org).
  • $0.50 per hosted zone per month (first 25 hosted zones).
  • $0.40 per million standard queries (cheaper for large-scale usage).
  • Additional costs for health checks and traffic management features.
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