arch btrfs snapper - Forest0923/memo GitHub Wiki

• System
• Commands
  • Keymap
  • Time
  • Mirrorlist
  • Disk formatting
  • Base install
  • Create fstab file
  • Chroot
  • Localization
  • Hostname and hosts
  • Root password
  • Install necessary softwares
  • mkinitcpio
  • Grub install
  • Systemd
  • Add user
  • Finish base installation
  • Install desktop environment
  • Install and configure snapper

System

• CPU: Intel

• UEFI Boot

• Multi-disk support with btrfs

  • Devices:

  /dev/vda
  /dev/vdb
  /dev/vdc
  

Commands

Keymap

• Change keymap:

loadkeys jp106

Time

• Timedatectl:

timedatectl set-ntp true

Mirrorlist

• Optimize mirror list:

pacman -Syy
pacman -S reflector # `python` might be required
reflector -c Japan --sort rate -a 6 --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Disk formatting

• Partitioning:

gdisk /dev/vda

/dev/vda1: EFI system (200M)
/dev/vda2: Linux filesystem

gdisk /dev/vdb

/dev/vdb1: Linux filesystem

gdisk /dev/vdc

/dev/vdc1: Linux filesystem

• Formattiong:

mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/vda1
mkfs.btrfs /dev/vda2 /dev/vdb1 /dev/vdc1

• Mount:

mount /dev/vda2 /mnt
btrfs su cr /mnt/@
btrfs su cr /mnt/@home
btrfs su cr /mnt/@snapshots
btrfs su cr /mnt/@var_log

umount /mnt

mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@ /dev/vda2 /mnt
mkdir -p /mnt/{boot,home,.snapshots,var/log}
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@home /dev/vda2 /mnt/home
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@snapshots /dev/vda2 /mnt/.snapshots
mount -o noatime,compress=lzo,space_cache=v2,subvol=@var_log /dev/vda2 /mnt/var/log

mount /dev/vda1 /mnt/boot

Base install

• Install base package:

pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware intel-ucode vim

Create fstab file

• Generate fstab:

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Chroot

arch-chroot /mnt

Localization

• Hardware clock:

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc

• Set locale and input method:

vim /etc/locale.gen

- # en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
+ en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

locale-gen
echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 >> /etc/locale.conf
echo KEYMAP=jp106 >> /etc/vconsole.conf

Hostname and hosts

• Hostname:

vim /etc/hostname

+ arch

• Hosts:

vim /etc/hosts

+ 127.0.0.1   localhost
+ ::1         localhost
+ 127.0.1.1   arch.localdomain    arch

Root password

• passwd

passwd

Install necessary softwares

• Bootloader:

pacman -S grub efibootmgr os-prober

• Network and wireless tools:

pacman -S networkmanager network-manager-applet wireless_tools wpa_supplicant dialog

• Disk:

pacman -S mtools dosgstools

• Basic apps (bison, make, gcc, sudo, and etc.):

pacman -S base-devel

• Kernel header files:

pacman -S linux-headers

• Bluetooth and audio:

pacman -S bluez bluez-utils alsa-utils pulseaudio pulseaudio-bluetooth

• Desktop:

pacman -S xdg-utils xdg-user-dirs

• Git:

pacman -S git

• cron:

pacman -S cron

• reflector:

pacman -S reflector

• snapper:

pacman -S snapper

• Keyring:

sudo pacman -S archlinux-keyring

mkinitcpio

vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

- MODULES=()
+ MODULES=(btrfs)

mkinitcpio -p linux

Grub install

• Grub install and make config:

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Systemd

• Activate network:

systemctl enable NetworkManager

• Bluetooth:

systemctl enable bluetooth

• Refresh mirrorlist with reflector
  • Exec options : /etc/xdg/reflector/reflector.conf
  • Weekly setting : /usr/lib/systemd/system/reflector.timer

systemctl enable reflector.service  # update mirrorlist every boot
# or
systemctl enable reflector.timer    # update mirrorlist weekly

Add user

• Add user:

useradd -mG wheel mori
passwd mori

• Give the user priviledge:

EDITOR=vim visudo

- # %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
+ %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

Finish base installation

• Reboot

exit
umount -a
reboot

Install desktop environment

• Stacking window manager
• Tiling window manager

Install and configure snapper

sudo umount /.snapshots
sudo rm -r /.snapshots
sudo snapper -c root create-config /
sudo btrfs su delete /.snapshots
sudo mkdir /.snapshots
sudo mount -a
sudo chmod 750 /.snapshots
sudo vim /etc/snapper/configs/root

+ TIMELINE_LIMIT_HOURLY="5"
+ TIMELINE_LIMIT_DAILY="7"
+ TIMELINE_LIMIT_WEEKLY="0"
+ TIMELINE_LIMIT_MONTHLY="0"
+ TIMELINE_LIMIT_YEARLY="0"

sudo systemctl enable --now snapper-timeline.timer
sudo systemctl enable --now snapper-cleanup.timer
paru -S snap-pac-grub snapper-gui-git
sudo mkdir /etc/pacman.d/hooks
sudo vim /etc/pacman.d/hooks/50-bootbackup.hook

+ [Trigger]
+ Operation = Upgrade
+ Operation = Install
+ Operation = Remove
+ Type = Path
+ Target = boot/*
+ 
+ [Action]
+ Depends = rsync
+ Description = Backing up /boot...
+ When = PreTransaction
+ Exec = /usr/bin/rsync -a --delete /boot /.bootbackup

sudo pacman -S rsync
sudo chmod a+rx /.snapshots
sudo chown :mori /.snapshots