Exception Handling in Programming

What Is Exception Handling?

Exception handling is a mechanism to detect and respond to runtime errors or exceptional conditions in a program. It ensures the program can handle errors gracefully without crashing unexpectedly.

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Key Characteristics of Exception Handling

Characteristic	Description
Error Detection	Identifies and isolates runtime errors or unexpected behavior.
Controlled Recovery	Provides mechanisms to recover from errors gracefully.
Separation of Concerns	Keeps error-handling logic separate from the main application logic.
Maintainability	Makes code easier to debug, maintain, and extend by centralizing error handling.

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Exception Handling in C++

C++ provides a structured mechanism for exception handling using three keywords: try, catch, and throw.

Keyword	Purpose
try	Defines a block of code to test for exceptions.
throw	Signals the occurrence of an exception.
catch	Defines a block of code to handle exceptions.

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Syntax of Exception Handling in C++

try {
    // Code that might throw an exception
} catch (ExceptionType e) {
    // Code to handle the exception
} catch (...) {
    // Code to handle any exception
}