Double Hashing - Dieptranivsr/DroneIVSR GitHub Wiki
Double hashing
is a collision resolving technique in Open Addressed Hash tables. Double hashing uses the idea of applying a second hash function to key when a collision occurs.
Double hashing can be done using :
(hash1(key) + i * hash2(key)) % TABLE_SIZE
Here hash1() and hash2() are hash functions and TABLE_SIZE
is size of hash table.
(We repeat by increasing i when collision occurs)
First hash function is typically hash1(key) = key % TABLE_SIZE
A popular second hash function is : hash2(key) = PRIME – (key % PRIME) where PRIME is a prime smaller than the TABLE_SIZE.
A good second Hash function is:
- It must never evaluate to zero
- Must make sure that all cells can be probed
// CPP program to implement double hashing
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// Hash table size
#define TABLE_SIZE 13
// Used in second hash function.
#define PRIME 7
class DoubleHash {
// Pointer to an array containing buckets
int* hashTable;
int curr_size;
public:
// function to check if hash table is full
bool isFull()
{
// if hash size reaches maximum size
return (curr_size == TABLE_SIZE);
}
// function to calculate first hash
int hash1(int key)
{
return (key % TABLE_SIZE);
}
// function to calculate second hash
int hash2(int key)
{
return (PRIME - (key % PRIME));
}
DoubleHash()
{
hashTable = new int[TABLE_SIZE];
curr_size = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < TABLE_SIZE; i++)
hashTable[i] = -1;
}
// function to insert key into hash table
void insertHash(int key)
{
// if hash table is full
if (isFull())
return;
// get index from first hash
int index = hash1(key);
// if collision occurs
if (hashTable[index] != -1) {
// get index2 from second hash
int index2 = hash2(key);
int i = 1;
while (1) {
// get newIndex
int newIndex = (index + i * index2) % TABLE_SIZE;
// if no collision occurs, store the key
if (hashTable[newIndex] == -1) {
hashTable[newIndex] = key;
break;
}
i++;
}
}
// if no collision occurs
else
hashTable[index] = key;
curr_size++;
}
// function to search key in hash table
void search(int key)
{
int index1 = hash1(key);
int index2 = hash2(key);
int i = 0;
while (hashTable[(index1 + i * index2) % TABLE_SIZE] != key) {
if (hashTable[(index1 + i * index2) % TABLE_SIZE] == -1) {
cout << key << " does not exist" << endl;
return;
}
i++;
}
cout << key << " found" << endl;
}
// function to display the hash table
void displayHash()
{
for (int i = 0; i < TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
if (hashTable[i] != -1)
cout << i << " --> " << hashTable[i] << endl;
else
cout << i << endl;
}
}
};
// Driver's code
int main()
{
int a[] = { 19, 27, 36, 10, 64 };
int n = sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]);
// inserting keys into hash table
DoubleHash h;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
h.insertHash(a[i]);
}
// searching some keys
h.search(36); // This key is present in hash table
h.search(100); // This key does not exist in hash table
// display the hash Table
h.displayHash();
return 0;
}
36 found
100 does not exist
0
1 --> 27
2
3
4
5 --> 10
6 --> 19
7
8
9
10 --> 36
11
12 --> 64