Chain of Responsibility Design Pattern - DeanHristov/ts-design-patterns-cheat-sheet GitHub Wiki

A Chain of Responsibility is a behavior design pattern that lets us transform particular behavior into a single stand-alone object called handler. Each handler decides whether to proceed further or reject the request. A simple UML diagram can be seen here

A Great fit when:

It's essential to execute several handlers in a particular order
Allow us to remove, insert, and re-order the handlers dynamically

Example:

Creating the baseHandler class

abstract class BaseHandler {
  private next: BaseHandler | undefined;

  setNext(handler: BaseHandler): BaseHandler {
    this.next = handler;
    return this.next;
  }

  handle<T = object>(request: T): BaseHandler | string {
    if (this.next) return this.next.handle(request);

    return '';
  }
}

Creating a custom handler class

class CustomHandler extends BaseHandler {
  handle<T>(request: T): BaseHandler | string {
    const shouldMoveFurther: boolean = true;

    if (shouldMoveFurther) {
      // Moving one step further
      return super.handle(request);
    }

    // Rejecting the process further.
    return 'Error! ....';
  }
}

Code in action

// CustomHandler = AuthHandler | AccessHandler | OtherHandler
const handler = new CustomHandler();
handler
  .setNext(new AuthHandler(...))
  .setNext(new AccessHandler(...))
  .setNext(new OtherHandler(...));


handler.handle({ .... })

More info can be found on the wiki page.