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The area under each subject's survival curve over the baseline's times: lifelines' predict_expectation.

public double[] PredictExpectation(ReadOnlySpan<double> design, ReadOnlySpan<int> strata)

Parameters — design holds the subjects' covariates row-major. strata holds each subject's stratum when the fit was stratified, and is empty otherwise.

Returns — one value per subject, by the trapezoid rule over the baseline's times.

Exceptions — ArgumentException when design is not a whole number of rows of finite values, or strata does not match the subjects or names a stratum the fit did not see, or is empty for a stratified fit.

Example — a subject at (2, 1) in the fit of the CoxSummary page.

using Lodestar.Survival;

double[] design = [1.0, 0.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.5, 0.0, 3.0, 1.0, 2.5, 0.0,
                   0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0];
double[] months = [12, 5, 20, 3, 15, 9, 8, 14, 2, 18];
bool[] died = [true, true, false, true, true, true, true, false, true, true];

CoxSummary fit = CoxProportionalHazards.Fit(design, months, died, featureCount: 2);
double expected = Math.Round(fit.PredictExpectation([2.0, 1.0], [])[0], 6);   // => 3.667956

Remarks — restricted to the observed span, as lifelines computes it: the integral runs from the first observed duration, not from zero, to the last, so it is not the unrestricted mean survival time.

Applies to — net10.0, netstandard2.0.

See also — CoxSummary, CoxBaseline.