Industrial and Commercial energy storage Introduction（1） - Chirs666666/new-energy GitHub Wiki

https://energy-elege.com/bussiness-energy-storage/ Industrial and commercial energy storage energy storage systems in the industrial and commercial sectors are technologies that store electricity when it is needed and release it when it is needed

Peak regulation It is to transfer excess electricity from places with little electricity to areas with insufficient power. Because electricity cannot be stored on a large scale, it is generally necessary to use as much electricity as is generated.

When the power generation of a region is constant, and the power here is not used up, it is necessary to transfer the excess power to the power shortage area through dispatch, or is the common pumped storage.

Frequency modulation It is because the rated frequency stipulated in China is 50Hz, but the electrical appliances in production and life are complex and diverse, and the start-up of the machine will affect the power grid frequency, which needs to improve the power quality through frequency modulation.

A set of energy storage system mainly includes battery, PCS, BMS, EMS, temperature control and fire protection.

PCS(Power Conversion System) Realize the power conversion between the grid and the battery, and monitor and manage the exchange process. It can control the charging and discharging process of the battery, carry out AC/DC transformation, and directly supply AC load in the case of no power grid. PCS is composed of DC/AC bidirectional converter, control unit, etc.

BMS(Battery Management System) It is mainly used for battery pack monitoring, calculation, communication and protection. It mainly consists of battery management chip, analog front end, embedded microprocessor, and embedded software.

EMS(Energy Management System) It can realize real-time monitoring and intelligent management of all equipment in the system. Realize data collection, storage, processing, upload, operation control, operation strategy formulation, and so on, and carry out overall information-based monitoring and management.

“MW” is the unit of PCS It refers to the power that can be input or output for a given electrochemical energy storage device under certain time conditions. The units are W, kW, MW, GW, and the conversion ratio is 1:1000.

MWh is a unit of battery capacity It refers to the amount of electricity released by the battery under certain conditions, and is also one of the important performance indicators to measure the performance of the battery. The units are Wh, kWh, MWh, GWh, TWh, and the conversion ratio is 1:1000.

DoD (Depth of Discharge) It is used to describe the degree of battery capacity utilization in the charging and discharging process of the energy storage system. Indicates the percentage of the discharged battery capacity relative to the total battery capacity.

The smaller the number, the shallower the discharge. For example, a battery with a 5 kilowatt-hour (kWh) charge and a maximum allowable discharge of 4 KWH would discharge at 80% depth.

Four major revenue sources of industrial and commercial energy storage: (1) Peak cutting and valley filling: the use of peak-valley electricity price difference, charging in the valley and peace period, discharge in the peak period and peak period, reduce the cost of enterprise electricity. (More than 90% of current revenue source)

(2) Balance demand electricity charge: the energy storage system can cut the peak and fill the valley, eliminate the peak load, smooth the power curve, and reduce demand electricity charge.

(3) Dynamic capacity increase: The user’s transformer capacity is fixed, under normal circumstances, when the user needs the transformer to be overloaded at a certain time, the transformer needs to be expanded. After the matching energy storage system is installed, the transformer load can be reduced by energy storage and discharge during this period, thus reducing the cost of transformer capacity improvement.

(4) demand-side response: After the installation of the energy storage system, if the power grid issues a demand response, customers can avoid power rationing and high electricity charges during the period, but may participate in the demand response transaction through the energy storage system to obtain additional compensation fees.