Network - AdarshTheki/mern-stack-learn GitHub Wiki

Network Protocols:

Networking refers to the process of connecting devices (computers, phones, servers) to share resources, exchange data, and communicate.

Protocol	Purpose	Encryption	Example
FTP	File Transfer Protocol, used for transferring files between a client and server over a network.	No	ftp://example.com
SFTP	Secure File Transfer Protocol, a secure version of FTP, encrypting both commands and data. It runs over SSH.	Yes	sftp://example.com
HTTP	Hypertext Transfer Protocol, used for transferring data between a web browser and a web server. Typically used for websites.	No	http://example.com
HTTPS	Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, a secure version of HTTP, using encryption (SSL/TLS) for data transfer, ensuring security and privacy.	Yes	https://example.com
SSL	Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol for encrypting information. It was widely used for securing connections but is now replaced by TLS.	Yes	Replaced by TLS in modern systems
TLS	Transport Layer Security, the successor to SSL, used to secure communication over networks. It is commonly used with HTTPS for secure browsing.	Yes	Commonly used by HTTPS
DNS	Domain Name System, resolves human-readable domain names (e.g., example.com) to IP addresses, allowing the browser to locate servers.	No	nslookup example.com
SSH	Secure Shell, a protocol used for securely accessing remote computers and systems over a network. It encrypts the connection to protect against attacks.	Yes	ssh [email protected]

How to Networks Work ? :

• Network: A network refers to a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate and share resources.

• Server: It can store files, host websites, manage user accounts, etc.

• Client: A client is a device or computer that requests services or resources from a server.

• Pocket: Small unit of data Transmitted.

• Router: A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between different networks.

• IP Address (Internet Protocol): Unique identifier to each device.

• DNS (Domain Name System): It is translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses that computers can understand.

• Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules and standards that governs how data is transmitted, received, and processed in a network.

  Examples: include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).

• Bandwidth: The maximum data transfer rate of a network or internet connection.

• LAN (Local Area Network): such as usedin a home, office, or school.

• WAN (Wide Area Network): often spanning multiple locations.

• VPN (Virtual Private Network): It provides privacy and encryption to ensure secure communication.