PERTINENT - h-division-2018-2019-even/Repo-9 GitHub Wiki

SEED SOWING BOT

GATHERING PERTINENT

INTRODUCTION

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. These modern techniques included the use of tractors for ploughing the field production of pesticide invention of tube wells etc. Agro-Technology is the process of applying the technology innovation occurring in daily life & applying that to the agriculture sector which improves the efficiency of the crop produced and also to develop a better mechanical machine to help the agriculture field which reduces the amount and time of work spent on one crop.[1]

In this multipurpose seeding machine equipment consists of cylindrical shape container in which the seeds can fill. The container is attached on the four wheeled carrier assembly. It consists of metering plate bevel gear mechanism and two holes at the bottom depending on seed size. The working as plate will rotate in container when the bottom holes of container & meter plate hole coincide seeds will flow through pipe to soil. Here the meeting plate gets rotating motion by bevel gears get the motion by rear wheels, with help chain and sprocket assembly.[1]

EXISTING SOLUTION

THE MACHINES ARE AS FOLLOWS

1. AUTOMATIC SEED SOWING MACHINE

Automated seed sowing machine contains micro controller, sensors, motor driving circuit, sowing mechanism and motors. In our project ,we use the IR sensor module to count the number of rotations of the wheel. From this count of rotation we can cover a specific distance and it will send the signal to the micro controller. Then the micro controller activates the seed sowing mechanism and it sow the seed. The plough and sand cover operations are done as the machine moves forward.[2]

2. AUTOMATIC SEED SOWING & IRRIGATION AGRIBOT USING ARDUINO

The zone of horticulture is so wide, thus this field requires the advance technologies in the process of sowing, cropping, cutting& irrigation. So the disclosure of Agriculture is the primary enormous advance towards acculturated life. Advancement in agricultural tools, is the fundamental pattern of rural change. This advancement in technology will not affect the nature of soil and increase the efficiency of getting crop. Nowadays the accessibility of work is a major problem faced by farmer. The proposed machine limits the working expense and furthermore decreases the ideal opportunity for burrowing seed sowing & irrigation operations by utilizing solar energy to operate the agribot. An adequate water supply is important for plant growth. When rainfall is not sufficient, the plants need additional water. Our undertaking encourages the ranchers to inundate the farmland in a proficiency route with computerized water system framework in view of soil dampness sensor. It depends on the edge esteem and the sensor esteems. This water system averts soil disintegration, spare water and can likewise supply manure to crops. The most essential procedure is it permits water preservation as water provided in a focused on way close to the root zone. Seed sowing, digging & irrigation robot will proceed onward different ground shapes and performs burrowing, sowing the seed and gives an good environment for proper growth.[3]

3. Solar Operated Automatic Seed Sowing Machine

The real power required for machine equipment depends on the resistance to the movement of it. Even now,in our country 98% of the contemporary machines use the power by burning of fossil fuels to run IC engines or external combustion engines. This evident has led to widespread air,water and noise pollution and most importantly has led to are alistic energy crisis in the near future. Now the approach of this project is to develop the machine to minimize the working cost and also to reduce the time for digging and seed sowing operation by utilizing solar energy to run the robotic machine. In this machine solar panel is used to capture solar energy and then it is converted into electrical energy which in turn is used to charge 12V battery, which then gives the necessary power to a shunt wound DC motor.[4]

4. Automatic Seed Sowing Robot

Sowing is the most important process in farming. It is a very tiring and time consuming process that requires a lot of human effort. Here we propose the design and fabrication of a fully automatic seed sowing robot that automates this task. The proposed robot uses four motors for running it in desired directions. We use a small bracket for pouring seeds. The robot consists of a funnel like arrangement in order to pour seeds into a lower container. There we use a shaft with gear like bucket teeth to pick up limited quantity of seeds and pour them on the ground in a steady manner in proper quantity. The front of the robot can be further fitted with a bent plate that drags on the soil to make a slot ahead of the machine before seeds are poured in it. The back portion of the robot can be fitted with a tail like bent rod that is again used to pour soil on seeds sowed thus covering them with soil. Thus the system completely automated the seed sowing process using a smartly designed mechanical robotic system.[5]

5. ROTARY DIBBLER

The rotary dibbler is a manually operated push type device for dibbling of medium and bold size seeds. It consists of rotating dibbling head with penetrating jaws, covering-cum-transport heel, seed hopper with cell type wooden roller and a handle. Except seed roller, which is made of good quality wood, all the other parts are fabricated from mild steel. The number of jaws varies from five to eight among various designs, depending upon seed to seed distance. For its operation, the hopper is filled with seeds and transport-cum covering wheel is drawn to rear side. The dibbler is then pushed forward in the direction of travel with covering cum transport wheel behind the dibbling head. The jaws penetrate into the soil and automatically drop the seeds. [6]

6. MULTI PURPOSE SEEDING EQIUPMENT

This equipment consists of cylindrical shape container in which the seeds can fill. The capacity of this container is up to 10kgs to 12kgs. The container is attached on the four wheeled carrier assembly. The wheels made up with polymer material, container having a metering plate with easily fasinable with Allen keys, metering plate rotate in container, bottom of the container having a two hole and metering plate has number of holes depend on size of seed. The plate will rotate in container when the bottom holes of container and meter plate hole coincide seeds will flow through pipe to soil. Here the metering plate gets rotating motion by bevel gear assembly and the bevel gears get the motion by rear wheels with the help chain and sprocket assembly. The working principle of this machine is very simple and requires only one man to operate. It is a double row-seeding device suitable for sowing different crops. Seeding is accomplished by just pushing the device in a pre established furrow. The sowing operation is to put the seed in desired depth and seed to seed spacing, when the machine is pushed, with the help of metering plate the seeds are feed in to the ground at correct rate and distance. Here the metering plate rotates in anticlockwise direction and which get a rotating motion with the help of rear wheels connected through chain sprocket, chain and bevel gear assembly. The arrangement made in such a way that we can control the depth of sowing. With the help of this machine the formers can save lot of labor cost[7].

DIY PROJECT

MAIN COMPONENTS

working principle

1.DC STEPPER MOTOR : Working principle of Stepper Motor.The operation of this motor works on the principle that unlike poles attract each other and like poles repel each other. when the stator windings are excited with a DC supply, it produces magnetic flux and establishes the north and south poles.[8]

2.SHAFT : Mutual induction shaft mechanism is a power generation mechanism basically used by electrostatic charge excitation mechanism.[9]

3.SPROCKETS: It is distinguished from a gear in that sprockets are never meshed together directly, and differs from a pulley in that sprockets have teeth and pulleys are smooth.....Early automobiles were also largely driven by sprocket and chain mechanism, a practice largely copied from bicycles.[10]

4.BEARINGS: Lubrication is often used to reduce friction. In the ball bearing and roller bearing, to prevent sliding friction, rolling elements such as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races or journals of the bearing assembly.[11]

5.IR SENSOR: An infrared sensor is an electronic device, that emits in order to sense some aspects of the surroundings.An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. These types of sensors measures only infrared radiation, rather than emitting it that is called as a passive IR sensor.[12]

COMPONENTS AND SUB COMPONENTS USED IN SEED SOWING MACHINE

DC STEPPER MOTOR
SHAFT
BEARINGS
IR SENSOR
SPROCKETS
MOUNTS
CONTAINER
FUNNELS
WHEELS
CHAIN
SUPPORTING FRAME
JOINTS & FIXTURES
SCREWS

COMPONENTS CLASSIFIED AS ELECTRONICS AND MECHANICAL

sl no.	Components used (electronic)	Components used (mechanical)	Applications
1.	DC stepper motor	Shaft	These are used for precise positioning with a motor,such as hard disk drivers, robotics, antennas, telescopes and some toys.[15][16]
2.	IR sensor	wheels	It is used to sense the surrounding objects and to count the rotation of wheels/Wheels are used to travel distance and to small extent level the ground.[17]
3.	batteries	chain	It is used to provide the power to the machine/To connect different parts.[18]
4.	LED	Bearings	It emits the light/It reduces the friction.[19][20]

DIRECT SOLUTION OF SOWING

Hand sowing : It is a process of casting handful of seed over prepared ground or broadcasting. Usually a drag or harrow is employed to incorporate the seed into the soil . hand sowing may be combined with pre sowing in seed trays.
Open field: Open field sowing refers to the form of sowing used historically in the agriculture context whereby fields are prepared generically and left open, before being sown directly with seed. The seed is frequently left uncovered at the surface of the soil before germinating and therefore exposed to the prevailing climate and conditions.
Pretreatment of seed and soil before sowing: before sowing certain seeds first require treatment prior to the sowing process . This treatment may be seed soaking or seed cleaning with cold water.[16]

Calculate cost estimation for the existing solution

New wood -100
Shaft 150
Bearing-200
C.R. Sheet-900
Angle 1000
chain 50
Chain drive 350
Hoper 600
Plugs 200
labor cost 2500
Pipe 150 TOTAL COST :5250[17]